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Issues involved:
1. Whether surtax payable by the assessee is deductible while computing income under the Income-tax Act, 1961? 2. Whether amounts received in the course of business and later written back to profit and loss account are taxable as trading receipts under section 28(iv) of the Income-tax Act, 1961? Issue 1: The court relied on the decision in Lubrizol India Ltd. v. CIT [1991] 187 ITR 25 and held that the assessee was not entitled to deduct surtax payable under the Companies (Profits) Surtax Act, 1964, while computing income from business under the Income-tax Act, 1961. Issue 2: The assessee credited various amounts to its profit and loss account, including unclaimed advance payments and excess commissions. The Income-tax Officer treated these amounts as trading receipts, disallowing the assessee's contention that they should not be included in assessable income. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) and the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal upheld this decision. The court analyzed section 28(iv) of the Income-tax Act, which includes the value of benefits or perquisites arising from business as chargeable income. It was determined that the benefits appropriated by the assessee to its profit and loss account were closely related to its business activities, satisfying the condition of arising from business. The court concluded that the amounts represented benefits convertible into money, even though they were not received in cash during the relevant year. As such, section 28(iv) applied to these benefits, and they were rightly included in the assessee's taxable income for the assessment year 1976-77. In conclusion, the court answered the second question in favor of the Revenue and against the assessee, stating that the benefits appropriated to the profit and loss account were taxable trading receipts under section 28(iv) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.
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