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Interpretation of statutory liability for excise duty deduction in the assessment year 1980-81. Analysis: The case involved a limited company engaged in manufacturing and selling aluminum foils, claiming deduction of excise duty for the assessment year 1980-81. The company disputed its liability for excise duty and sought an interim order from the High Court to restrain the central excise authorities from collecting the duty. The Government later exempted aluminum foils from duty for export, effective from January 5, 1981, after the relevant previous year. The Income-tax Officer disallowed the deduction, citing the duty related to a period before the previous year under consideration. On appeal, the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) allowed a portion of the claim related to goods cleared during the relevant previous year, relying on the decision in Kedarnath Jute Mfg. Co. Ltd. v. CIT [1971] 82 ITR 363 (SC). The Tribunal upheld the Commissioner's decision, allowing the deduction for the amount related to goods cleared during the previous year but disallowing the rest. The Tribunal's decision was challenged, leading to the High Court reframing the question to determine whether the excise duty liability of Rs. 2,57,304 was allowable as a deduction in the assessment year 1980-81. The Revenue argued that duty accrues on production or manufacture, not clearance of goods. However, the Court disagreed, citing the Supreme Court's position that excise duty is imposed on production or manufacture but payable upon clearance. The Court referred to precedents such as Ujagar Prints v. Union of India [1989] 179 ITR 317, CIT v. Century Enka Ltd. [1981] 130 ITR 267, and Shalimar Chemical Works Private Ltd. v. CIT [1987] 167 ITR 13 to support its decision. It emphasized that the duty became enforceable when goods were cleared during the relevant previous year, even though initially disputed by the company. The subsequent exemption notification clarified the non-dutiable status post-January 5, 1981, but the duty liability for goods cleared earlier remained valid. Ultimately, the Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, allowing the deduction for the excise duty amount of Rs. 2,57,304 in the assessment year 1980-81. The judgment was unanimous, with no costs awarded. This detailed analysis clarifies the interpretation of statutory liability for excise duty deduction in the specific context of the case, highlighting key legal principles and precedents that guided the court's decision.
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