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Interpretation of section 35B of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding weighted deduction on specific expenses related to export activities. Analysis: The High Court of Punjab and Haryana addressed the issue of weighted deduction under section 35B of the Income-tax Act, 1961, concerning expenses incurred by an assessee in connection with export activities. The controversy arose when the Income-tax Officer disallowed certain expenses claimed by the assessee, leading to a notice under section 263 of the Act by the Commissioner of Income-tax. The Tribunal upheld the disallowance of expenses except for stationery, citing a Special Bench decision. The assessee then filed a reference application under section 256(1) of the Act to the High Court, challenging the Tribunal's decision. The crux of the matter revolved around the interpretation of section 35B of the Act, which allows for deductions on specific expenditures related to export promotion. The assessee contended that the legislative intent behind section 35B was to encourage exports and provide relief to exporters on certain items to compete in foreign markets. On the other hand, the opposing argument relied on a decision by the Calcutta High Court in Organon (India) Ltd. v. CIT [1988] 172 ITR 354, asserting that the controversy was settled. The court analyzed the relevant provisions of section 35B, emphasizing that relief from tax was granted on expenditures incurred outside India for activities like advertisement, distribution, and promotion. The clause specifically excluded expenses related to activities within India or on the carriage and insurance of goods destined for export. The court cited the Calcutta High Court's decision in Bharat General and Textile Industries Ltd. v. CIT [1985] 153 ITR 747 to support the interpretation of section 35B(1)(b)(iii). Based on the legislative intent and judicial precedents, the court concluded that the assessee was not entitled to weighted deduction on expenses such as inspection and supervision charges, bank charges, excise revenue stamps, and miscellaneous expenses related to export activities. The court upheld the Tribunal's decision and ruled in favor of the Revenue, denying the assessee's claim for weighted deduction on the mentioned expenses. The judgment highlighted the restrictions imposed by the Act on claiming deductions for certain expenses incurred in connection with export activities, in line with the legislative provisions and judicial interpretations. In summary, the High Court's judgment clarified the scope of deductions under section 35B of the Income-tax Act, emphasizing the limitations on claiming weighted deductions for specific expenses related to export promotion activities. The decision underscored the legislative intent to incentivize exports while restricting deductions for expenses incurred within India or on the transportation and insurance of goods destined for export.
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