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Interpretation of section 5(1)(viii) of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957 regarding inclusion of gold ornaments as jewellery in the net wealth for assessment years 1969-70, 1970-71, and 1971-72. Analysis: The judgment revolves around the interpretation of section 5(1)(viii) of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957, specifically focusing on whether gold ornaments should be considered as jewellery for the purpose of calculating net wealth. The Tribunal initially declined to refer the matter to the High Court, citing a decision by the Orissa High Court and deeming the question self-evident. However, the petitioner argued that the High Court's decision would be binding on the Tribunal. The High Court referred to a Supreme Court decision in CWT v. Arundhati Balkrishna [1970] 77 ITR 505, which held that jewellery intended for personal use is exempt from taxation. The Act was later amended to exclude jewellery from the list of taxable assets but included gold ornaments within the definition of jewellery from April 1, 1972, through Explanation I. The court emphasized that prior to April 1, 1972, gold ornaments were not considered jewellery for wealth tax purposes. The judgment highlighted that while jewellery was excluded from section 5(1)(viii) retrospectively from April 1, 1963, the inclusion of gold ornaments under the definition of jewellery was effective only from April 1, 1972. The court rejected the argument that the Explanation was added for cautionary purposes, stating that its effect could not predate April 1, 1972. The court also declined to consider a decision of the Gujarat High Court due to lack of detailed information. Ultimately, the court dismissed the petitions, concluding that the answer to the legal question was self-evident based on the legislative intent and the timeline of amendments to the Act. The judgment clarified that for the assessment years in question, gold ornaments could not be included as jewellery in the calculation of net wealth, as the relevant amendment was effective only from April 1, 1972.
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