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1. Interpretation of section 77 of the Income-tax Act regarding the allowance of unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation for an unregistered firm in the subsequent year as a registered firm. Detailed Analysis: The case involved a reference under section 256(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, regarding the allowance of unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation of an unregistered firm in the subsequent year when it became a registered firm under section 77 of the Act for the assessment year 1972-73. The firm, initially unregistered, had carried forward unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation from the previous year. The Income-tax Officer rejected the claim for set off, leading to an appeal by the assessee. The Tribunal, following a decision of the Allahabad High Court, allowed the claim for carrying forward the unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation, prompting a reference to the High Court. The core issue before the High Court was whether an unregistered partnership firm could carry forward its losses and set them off in the succeeding year when assessed as a registered firm. The High Court noted the precedent set by the Supreme Court in CIT v. J. K. Hosiery Factory [1986] 159 ITR 85, which held that the registration of the firm did not alter its entity for assessment purposes, allowing for the carry forward of unabsorbed depreciation. The High Court emphasized that the law under the Income-tax Act, 1961, did not indicate any change from the Supreme Court's ruling under the earlier Income-tax Act, 1922. The Revenue argued for a fresh interpretation of the law under the Income-tax Act, 1961, but failed to demonstrate any change in the legal position post the Supreme Court decision. The High Court reiterated that the firm was entitled to claim deductions for unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation based on the existing legal framework and the Supreme Court's authoritative ruling. Consequently, the High Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, allowing the claim for deduction of unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation for the subsequent year of the registered firm under section 77 of the Income-tax Act. In conclusion, the High Court ruled in favor of the assessee, affirming the Tribunal's decision to allow the deduction of unabsorbed development rebate and depreciation for the subsequent year of the registered firm. The judgment was delivered by Judges B. N. Agarwal and Uday Sinha, with the High Court disposing of the reference without costs and directing the transmission of the judgment to the Assistant Registrar, Income-tax Appellate Tribunal, in compliance with section 260 of the Income-tax Act, 1961.
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