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Issues:
1. Whether the sum paid by the assessee to a foreign company under a treaty agreement is an admissible deduction from the assessee's income. 2. Whether the assessee is entitled to relief under section 80M of the Income-tax Act without any reduction of proportionate expenses of the business. Analysis: 1. The High Court considered the first issue regarding the deduction of a sum paid by the assessee to a foreign company under a treaty agreement. The Tribunal found that the assessee, acting as a reinsurer for the foreign company, had a contractual obligation to pay or reimburse the foreign company its proportionate share of taxes. The Tribunal rejected the Revenue's appeal, emphasizing the contractual obligation of the assessee to pay the taxes. The Court noted that the amount reimbursed was not considered as income accruing to the foreign company in India, and the assessee was never called upon to pay tax on that amount. The Court held in favor of the assessee, stating that the Revenue's arguments lacked applicability to the facts of the case, and the decisions cited by the Revenue were not relevant to the case at hand. 2. The second issue involved the entitlement of the assessee to relief under section 80M of the Income-tax Act without any reduction of proportionate expenses of the business. The Court referred to previous decisions, including one in Calcutta Discount & Co. Ltd. v. CIT, where it was held that the assessee is entitled to relief under section 80M without reducing the proportionate expenses of the business. The Court answered this question in the affirmative and in favor of the Revenue, based on the provisions of the Finance (No. 2) Act of 1980, which introduced a new section 80AA in the Income-tax Act, 1961, with retrospective effect. The Court directed the Tribunal to consider a Supreme Court decision related to the amendment while disposing of the case under section 260 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. In conclusion, the High Court ruled in favor of the assessee on the first issue, emphasizing the contractual obligation to pay the taxes, and in favor of the Revenue on the second issue based on the retrospective effect of the Finance Act. The judgment provides a detailed analysis of the facts, legal provisions, and precedents to support the conclusions reached by the Court.
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