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Interpretation of section 256(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding the treatment of salary income from firms as individual income or income of Hindu undivided families. Analysis: The case involved three divided brothers who were partners in two firms, where they started drawing salaries from 1974. The dispute arose when the Income-tax Officer treated the salary income as that of the Hindu undivided family, not individual income. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner and the Tribunal upheld this decision, stating that the salary was a return to the family for the investment of family funds, not compensation for individual services. The Tribunal's findings emphasized that the partners did not possess special qualifications or render extra services justifying the salary. The partners' roles remained consistent before and after receiving salaries, with the remuneration closely aligning with the profit-sharing ratio. The Tribunal concluded that the salary income was detrimental to family funds and, therefore, belonged to the Hindu undivided family. Referring to Supreme Court precedents, the court highlighted the principles that income earned with family funds' assistance belongs to the Hindu undivided family. The court emphasized that if remuneration is essentially a return on family fund investment, it remains family income. In this case, since the partners did not demonstrate special services or qualifications, the Tribunal's decision to treat the salary income as joint family income was deemed appropriate. The court distinguished a previous case where the shareholder's intention to become a director was a key factor, noting that partners in firms become partners by contributing capital. The court affirmed the Tribunal's decision, stating that the partners' lack of special qualifications or services rendered supported the classification of salary income as that of the Hindu undivided family. In conclusion, the court answered the question in the affirmative, supporting the Tribunal's decision to treat the salary income from the firms as income of the Hindu undivided families, based on the absence of evidence showing individual services or qualifications justifying the remuneration.
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