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Assessment of rent receipts from members by a club under the doctrine of mutuality. Analysis: The judgment dealt with four income-tax references arising from the assessments of a club for three assessment years. The main issue was whether the rent receipts from members, along with other facilities provided by the club, were assessable to income tax under the doctrine of mutuality. The club provided various facilities to its members, including rooms on a fixed monthly charge. The dispute arose regarding the taxability of receipts from letting out rooms to members and non-members. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) and the Appellate Authority confirmed the assessment of these receipts as income. However, the Tribunal held that receipts from non-members were taxable, but those from members were not. The Tribunal applied the principle of mutuality and concluded that the income derived from letting out rooms to members was not taxable. The judgment cited various High Court decisions supporting this view, emphasizing that the club did not earn income from letting out premises but provided facilities to its members. The judgment also highlighted that the receipts were not merely for room rent but for various services provided by the club. The court agreed with the Tribunal's interpretation and ruled in favor of the assessee, holding that the receipts were not taxable under the doctrine of mutuality. The court considered the principle of mutuality in light of various High Court decisions, which consistently held that income derived by clubs providing facilities to members is not assessable to tax. The judgment distinguished between income from letting out premises and income from providing facilities, stating that the club's receipts were for services and facilities, not just room rent. The court relied on the Supreme Court's decision in Sultan Bros. Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT [1964] 51 ITR 353 to support the view that the club's receipts were not taxable under the head "Income from house property." The court emphasized that the club's receipts were a composite charge for various facilities and services, making them exempt from tax under the principle of mutuality. The judgment concluded that the receipts in question were not taxable, aligning with the unanimous view of several High Courts on similar cases. In conclusion, the court answered the reference in the affirmative, ruling in favor of the assessee and disposing of the reference accordingly. The judgment directed the parties to bear their own costs due to the recent unanimous decisions by various High Courts supporting the non-taxability of income derived by clubs under the doctrine of mutuality.
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