1939 (1) TMI 14 - AT - Income Tax

Summary

Issues:
1. Assessability of a sum in the hands of the assessee as income accruing without British India to a person resident in British India.
2. Preclusion of the Income-tax Officer from going behind the deed of partition to ascertain the original cost of assets to the assessee.

Analysis:

Issue 1:
The case involves determining whether a sum of money sent as a negotiable hundi from outside British India to British India constitutes income accruing within British India. The Tribunal held that the money was brought into British India by the recipient's agent, considering the post office as the agent of the sender. Citing legal precedents, the Tribunal concluded that the act of posting the hundi was equivalent to bringing the money into British India. Therefore, the first question was answered in the negative.

Issue 2:
The second question revolved around the original cost of a ginning factory (asset X) acquired through a partition by two members of a joint Hindu family. The highest bidder in the partition, referred to as A, claimed depreciation deductions based on the bid amount. The Tribunal analyzed the bidding process and determined that the original cost to A could not exceed the actual cost of the asset to the assessee. Considering the unique circumstances of the partition and the bid process, the Tribunal concluded that the original cost to A was limited to the actual cost of the asset plus 1/2 of the difference between the bid amount and the original cost. The Tribunal emphasized that the cost for depreciation purposes must be based on the actual original cost of the depreciable items. The Tribunal rejected the notion of delving into minute details of asset values during a partition and emphasized that the cost of acquiring title should be ascertained at the time of acquisition. The Tribunal highlighted that the mode of partition determines the share of each party, irrespective of perceived values, as long as the process is conducted in good faith. The Tribunal answered the second question in the negative, emphasizing the importance of considering the actual cost of depreciable items for depreciation purposes.

In conclusion, the Tribunal provided a detailed analysis of the two issues raised in the case, focusing on the assessability of income and the determination of original cost for depreciation purposes in the context of a partition. The judgment clarified the legal principles applicable to these issues and provided a comprehensive explanation for the decisions reached.