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Whether chit kasar received by the assessee should be treated as casual and non-recurring income for tax exemption under section 10(3) of the Income Tax Act. Analysis: The judgment pertains to the assessment of chit dividends received by an individual assessee from a bank for the assessment years 1975-76 and 1976-77. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) assessed the chit dividends under the head "Other sources," which was confirmed by the Appellate Authority. However, on further appeal to the Tribunal, it was contended that the chit dividends should be considered casual and non-recurring income to claim exemption under section 10(3) of the Income Tax Act. The Tribunal initially considered the chit dividends as not partaking the character of income due to the uncertainty of the amount received each month, depending on the bid at the auction. Nonetheless, the Tribunal proceeded to analyze whether the dividends, once considered as income, could be classified as casual and non-recurring. The Tribunal concluded that the receipt of dividends was casual and non-recurring, allowing the assessee to claim the benefit under section 10(3) of the Act. Upon further appeal, the High Court disagreed with the Tribunal's characterization of the dividends as casual and non-recurring income. The Court examined the chit agreement terms, which indicated that the dividends were distributed among subscribers through credit adjustments in their accounts, based on the bid amount at the monthly auction. The Court emphasized that the varying amounts received monthly did not make the income casual, as the receipt was recurring and predictable. Therefore, the Court held that the dividends did not qualify as casual and non-recurring income under section 10(3) of the Act. Consequently, the High Court ruled against the assessee, answering the reference question in the negative, and awarded costs to the Revenue. The judgment highlights the importance of analyzing the recurring nature of income to determine its eligibility for tax exemptions under specific provisions of the Income Tax Act.
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