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Issues involved: Assessment of total income, rejection of book results, penalty proceedings u/s 271(1)(c) of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Judgment Summary: The High Court of BOMBAY heard an appeal regarding the assessment of total income of a wholesale dealer in plantains, initially returned at Rs. 33,215 but assessed at Rs. 99,600 after rejection of book results. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) initiated penalty proceedings u/s 271(1)(c) as the returned income was less than 80% of the assessed income. The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal (Tribunal) found that the rejection of book results did not necessarily imply gross neglect or fraud by the assessee, referencing a previous case. The Tribunal set aside the penalty order, leading to two questions referred to the High Court under s. 256(1) of the Act. The first question addressed whether the burden lies on the Revenue to prove fraud or neglect by the assessee, even if the Explanation to section 271(1)(c) aids the Revenue in raising a presumption. The High Court had previously endorsed the view that if the accounts maintained by the assessee were appropriate for the nature of their business, penalty cannot be imposed solely based on the non-acceptance of returned income. Therefore, the High Court held that the Tribunal's decision to set aside the penalty order was justified, and the first question did not apply in this case. Regarding the second question, the High Court answered in the negative and in favor of the assessee, concluding that the penalty imposed under section 271(1)(c) for the relevant assessment year was not tenable. The Court directed the Commissioner to bear the costs of the reference.
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