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Whether the sum spent by the assessee was revenue or capital expenditure under section 37 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Analysis: The case involved a question of whether an amount spent by the assessee was of the nature of revenue or capital expenditure under section 37 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The assessee, an individual involved in a house property and transport business, purchased a half share of a business from his father and mortgaged the property to his father for the unpaid consideration money. The sum spent over stamp papers and registration fees for the execution of the mortgage deed was claimed as revenue expenditure by the assessee. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) and the Appellate Authority confirmed that the expenditure was of a capital nature. However, the Tribunal held that the expenditure for the mortgage deed was for the purpose of the business, including the protection of assets, and thus, was revenue expenditure. The Tribunal's decision was based on the Supreme Court's ruling that expenditure incurred in raising loans is allowable as business expenditure on revenue account, regardless of the purpose of the funds borrowed. The Revenue contended that since the expenditure was for acquiring a capital asset, it should be treated as capital expenditure. However, the court disagreed, stating that the sale deed for the property was already executed, and the subsequent mortgage deed was not for obtaining a capital asset but for securing the unpaid consideration money. The court relied on the decision of the Supreme Court and the Kerala High Court to support its conclusion that the expenditure was revenue in nature. The court emphasized that the distinction between capital outlay and business expenditure, as per English law, was not valid under the Indian Income-tax Act. The court found no infirmity in the Tribunal's order and held that the sum spent by the assessee was revenue expenditure under section 37 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. In conclusion, the court ruled in favor of the assessee, determining that the amount spent was of the nature of revenue expenditure allowable under section 37 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The decision was made based on the purpose of the expenditure for the business and the protection of assets, as well as the Supreme Court's precedent regarding the treatment of business expenditure for revenue account. The case was decided against the Revenue, and no costs were awarded.
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