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Issues involved: Determination of whether the income from the sale of land should be treated as long-term capital gains or business income.
Summary: Issue 1: Nature of Income The appellant filed an appeal against the order of the Commissioner of Income-tax(A)-II, Bangalore, regarding the treatment of income arising from the sale of land as business income. The Assessing Officer considered the income as business income due to the conversion of agricultural land into saleable units. The Commissioner of Income-tax(A) upheld this decision based on the activities carried out by the assessee. However, the Tribunal found that the late assessee purchased land as an investment and sold it after holding it for a considerable period, indicating an investment motive rather than a business activity. The Tribunal emphasized that the rise in land prices due to city development does not necessarily indicate a business motive. Issue 2: Assessment Proceedings The late assessee, suffering from cancer, passed away before the assessment was completed, leading to limited participation in the proceedings. The Tribunal noted the importance of determining the late assessee's objective in purchasing and selling the land, whether for investment or as part of a trade venture. The Tribunal highlighted the lack of evidence supporting the assessee's engagement in a trade venture and emphasized the prudent investment strategy employed by the late assessee. Decision The Tribunal allowed the appeal, directing the assessing authority to treat the surplus from the sale of land as long-term capital gains, considering it an investment activity rather than a business venture. The Tribunal criticized the Commissioner of Income-tax(A) for not adequately comparing the facts of the case with relevant judicial pronouncements. The assessment was to be redone to determine the total income liable for taxation, including the benefit of indexation. This summary highlights the key issues addressed in the judgment, focusing on the nature of income from the sale of land and the assessment proceedings involving the late assessee. The Tribunal's decision to treat the surplus as long-term capital gains based on investment motives rather than business activities was a crucial aspect of the judgment.
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