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Interpretation of taxable income under the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding excess collection on account of Central sales tax. Analysis: The case involved a question under section 256(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, regarding the treatment of an amount of Rs. 76,103 representing the excess collection made from customers on account of Central sales tax. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) considered this amount as part of trading receipts and added it back to the total income of the assessee under section 41(1) of the Act. The assessee contended that the amount was refundable and not no longer payable, as some amounts had been paid subsequently, while others were adjusted. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) (AAC) upheld the assessee's contention, stating that the balance in the sales tax account had not yet become final and therefore should not be treated as income. The revenue appealed to the Tribunal, which rejected the revenue's contention, relying on various precedents. The Tribunal held that the amount in question could not be treated as trading receipts of the assessee. The High Court referred to the decision of the Supreme Court in Chowringhee Sales Bureau P. Ltd. v. CIT, where it was held that the amount collected constituted trading receipts and had to be included in total income, with the right to claim deduction when paid to the Government. Similar principles were reiterated in subsequent Supreme Court decisions and followed by other High Courts. The Calcutta High Court, considering the precedents and legal principles established, held that the Tribunal erred in its decision and concluded that the amount in question did represent the assessee's taxable income. Therefore, the question was answered in the negative and in favor of the revenue. The judgment was a unanimous decision by the judges, with no order as to costs. This case clarifies the treatment of excess collection on account of Central sales tax under the Income-tax Act, emphasizing that such amounts constitute trading receipts and are taxable income, subject to deductions when paid to the Government. The judgment aligns with established legal principles and precedents set by the Supreme Court and other High Courts, ensuring consistency in the interpretation of taxable income in similar cases.
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