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Issues Involved: Determination of whether an amount received for construction work should be included in the business profits of the assessee for a specific assessment year.
Summary: The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal referred the question of adding Rs. 10,40,000 to the business profits of the assessee for the assessment year 1959-60, related to a contract for civil engineering works at Rourkela. The assessee, a private limited company, received amounts for purchasing timber in connection with the contract. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) included a portion of this amount in the total income for the year 1959-60, based on the mercantile method of accounting. The Appellate Authority Commissioner (AAC) later deleted this amount, stating it should be included only upon completion of the contract. The Tribunal disagreed, holding that the amount had accrued and been received, thus forming part of the total income. The Tribunal also noted the arrangement for refund if the contract was not completed on time. The Tribunal's decision was challenged by the assessee's counsel, arguing that the amount should be taxed in the subsequent assessment year when the contract was completed. The counsel highlighted the timing of actual receipt and the completion of work. Documents revealed the terms of the arrangement between the parties, indicating the amount was payment for work or goods to be supplied, refundable only in case of default by the contractor. The Tribunal's decision was supported by legal precedents emphasizing the timing of payment conversion into income. The High Court affirmed the Tribunal's decision, stating that the amount was taxable in the assessment year 1959-60, as it had accrued and been received by the assessee. The Court distinguished previous cases where income accrued later, emphasizing the immediate receipt in this scenario. The question was answered in favor of the department, with costs awarded to them.
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