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Issues Involved:
1. Competence of the Additional Commissioner of Income-tax to file an application under section 256 of the Income-tax Act. 2. Validity of the notification dated June 19, 1971, issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. 3. Requirement for the Additional Commissioner to sign as a Commissioner when filing an application. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Competence of the Additional Commissioner of Income-tax to file an application under section 256 of the Income-tax Act: The primary issue was whether the Additional Commissioner of Income-tax had the locus standi to file an application for reference under section 256 of the Income-tax Act. The Tribunal had initially held that the Additional Commissioner was not competent to file such an application, interpreting the term "Commissioner" narrowly. However, the court clarified that the term "Commissioner," as defined in section 2(16) of the Act, includes both the Commissioner of Income-tax and the Additional Commissioner of Income-tax. This interpretation is supported by the legislative intent to define terms for brevity and clarity, as well as by the statutory provisions in sections 116 and 117, which recognize both roles as part of the income-tax authorities. The court emphasized that the definition of "Commissioner" is binding and should be interpreted according to the legislative intent unless the context otherwise requires. The court found no compelling reason to restrict the meaning of "Commissioner" in section 130(2) to exclude Additional Commissioners. Thus, the Additional Commissioner was deemed competent to file the application under section 256. 2. Validity of the notification dated June 19, 1971, issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes: The Tribunal had also questioned the validity of the notification dated June 19, 1971, which authorized Additional Commissioners to perform certain functions, including filing applications under section 256. The Tribunal had declared the notification ultra vires of section 130, arguing that it contradicted the statutory provisions. The court, however, disagreed with the Tribunal's interpretation. It noted that section 121 of the Act empowers the Central Board of Direct Taxes to direct how Commissioners and Additional Commissioners perform their functions. The notification in question was issued under section 121 and aimed to distribute the workload between Commissioners and Additional Commissioners. The court found no conflict between the notification and section 130, as both provisions address different legislative problems. Section 121 deals with the jurisdiction over areas, persons, incomes, or cases, while section 130 pertains to functions related to specific assessee cases. The court concluded that the notification was valid and consistent with the statutory framework, and the Additional Commissioner was authorized to file the application under section 256. 3. Requirement for the Additional Commissioner to sign as a Commissioner when filing an application: The Tribunal had also held that even if the notification was valid, the Additional Commissioner should have described himself and signed in the capacity of a Commissioner when filing the application. The court found this argument unpersuasive. It stated that the Additional Commissioner, being included in the definition of "Commissioner," was competent to present the application. Any defect in the description could have been amended and was not detrimental to the proceedings under section 256. Therefore, the application was properly signed and presented. Conclusion: The court quashed the Tribunal's order, holding that the Additional Commissioner was competent to file the application under section 256, the notification dated June 19, 1971, was valid, and the application was properly signed and presented. The Tribunal was directed to dispose of the application on its merits and in accordance with the law. The petition was allowed with costs, and the advocate's fee was set at Rs. 250.
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