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Issues:
1. Claim for refund of excess demurrage paid. 2. Dispute over classification of imported goods. 3. Admissibility of refund for demurrage charges. Detailed Analysis: 1. The petitioner filed a writ petition seeking a refund of the excess demurrage amount paid to the respondents, totaling Rs. 3,26,645. The goods imported by the petitioner were a multi-cable transit cable sealing system intended to be cleared under Tariff Item No. 85.47 at a duty rate of 135.75%. However, the Customs Department classified the goods under Tariff Item No. 39 at a duty rate of 181.75%, leading to provisional clearance and subsequent payment of demurrage by the petitioner. 2. Prior to the writ petition, the dispute regarding the classification of the imported goods was resolved in favor of the petitioner. Despite this, the International Airport Authority of India initially indicated consideration of a refund upon Customs Authorities' decision on the classification. The petitioner argued that the Customs Authorities had canceled the bank guarantee and bond issued during provisional clearance, indicating the correctness of the petitioner's classification. However, the Cargo Manager of the Airport Authority later denied the refund claim citing a dispute in classification as the reason for inadmissibility of the waiver for demurrage charges. 3. The Court, referencing previous judgments, emphasized that if there is an incorrect classification by the Customs Authorities or an invalid import clearance, the importer should not bear the consequences of the authorities' mistakes. In cases where the importer is correct in their tariff item contention but Customs Authorities wrongly disallow clearance under that item, the importer should not be held liable for demurrage charges. The Court held that upon determination of the importer's correctness in legal submissions, all consequential benefits, including non-liability for demurrage charges, should accrue to the importer. Consequently, the Court allowed the writ petition, directing the refund of demurrage charges levied on the petitioner from the filing of the Bill of Entry until the release of the goods. This judgment highlights the importance of correct classification by Customs Authorities and ensures that importers are not penalized for authorities' errors in classification, safeguarding their rights to refunds and non-liability for demurrage charges in such instances.
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