2023 (12) TMI 1390 - Tri - IBC

Application under section 30(6) of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, after approval of the resolution plan by the Committee of Creditors - HELD THAT - On perusal of the documents on record, it is satisfied that the Resolution Plan is in accordance with sections 30 and 31 of the IBC and also complies with regulations 38 and 39 of the IBBI (Insolvency Resolution Process for Corporate Persons) Regulations, 2016. Hon ble Supreme Court in Ghanashyam Mishra and Sons Pvt Ltd v Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd, 2021 (4) TMI 613 - SUPREME COURT has held that once a resolution plan is duly approved by the Adjudicating Authority under sub-section (1) of section 31, the claims as provided in the resolution plan shall stand frozen and will be binding on the Corporate Debtor and its employees, members, creditors, including the Central Govt, any State Govt or any local authority, guarantors and other stakeholders. The Resolution Plan approved by CoC and being approved by this Adjudicating Authority shall be binding on the Corporate Debtor and other persons, authorities etc. as specified in section 31 of the Code. Application disposed off.

2025 (1) TMI 62 - HC

1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal questions considered in this judgment are:

Whether the Resolution Plan submitted by BTL EPC Limited for McNally Bharat Engineering Company Limited complies with the requirements of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) and the associated regulations.
Whether the Resolution Plan can be approved by the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and if it fulfills the criteria of being viable and feasible for the revival of the Corporate Debtor.
What are the implications of the Resolution Plan on the claims of creditors, statutory dues, and other stakeholders?
How should the reliefs, waivers, and concessions sought by the Resolution Applicant be treated under the IBC framework?

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue 1: Compliance of the Resolution Plan with IBC and Regulations

Relevant legal framework and precedents: The Resolution Plan must comply with sections 30 and 31 of the IBC and regulations 38 and 39 of the IBBI (Insolvency Resolution Process for Corporate Persons) Regulations, 2016.
Court's interpretation and reasoning: The NCLT examined the Resolution Plan and found it compliant with the statutory provisions. The Plan was approved by the Committee of Creditors (CoC) with a 90.06% voting share, indicating its acceptance by the majority of creditors.
Key evidence and findings: The Resolution Plan included provisions for payment of CIRP costs, operational and financial creditors, management of the Corporate Debtor, and did not contravene any existing laws.
Application of law to facts: The court applied the IBC provisions to ensure that the Plan addressed the interests of all stakeholders and provided a feasible path for the Corporate Debtor's revival.
Treatment of competing arguments: The court considered the objections and submissions from various stakeholders but found the Plan to be in accordance with the law.
Conclusions: The Plan was approved as it met all necessary legal requirements and was deemed viable for the Corporate Debtor's revival.

Issue 2: Implications of the Resolution Plan on Claims and Stakeholders

Relevant legal framework and precedents: The judgment refers to the Supreme Court's decision in Ghanashyam Mishra and Sons Pvt Ltd v Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd, which establishes that approved resolution plans are binding on all stakeholders.
Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court emphasized that once a resolution plan is approved, all claims not included in the plan are extinguished, preventing any surprise claims against the Resolution Applicant.
Key evidence and findings: The Resolution Plan provided a detailed payment schedule for various creditors and addressed statutory dues, ensuring that all claims were settled as per the Plan.
Application of law to facts: The court applied the principles from the Supreme Court judgment to ensure that the Plan's approval would bind all stakeholders, including government authorities.
Treatment of competing arguments: The court dismissed claims and objections not included in the Plan, reinforcing the binding nature of the approved resolution plan.
Conclusions: The Plan effectively extinguished all claims not part of it, ensuring a clean slate for the Resolution Applicant.

Issue 3: Reliefs, Waivers, and Concessions Sought

Relevant legal framework and precedents: Section 31 of the IBC and relevant case law govern the granting of reliefs and waivers in a resolution plan.
Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court granted reliefs and waivers strictly as per section 32A of the IBC, ensuring they were consistent with the law.
Key evidence and findings: The Resolution Plan included requests for various waivers related to liabilities, statutory dues, and other obligations, which were considered by the court.
Application of law to facts: The court ensured that the reliefs granted were necessary for the Plan's implementation and consistent with the IBC's objectives.
Treatment of competing arguments: The court balanced the need for reliefs with legal requirements, granting only those that aligned with the IBC.
Conclusions: The court approved the necessary reliefs and waivers, facilitating the Plan's implementation while adhering to legal standards.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

Preserve verbatim quotes of crucial legal reasoning: "The legislative intent of making the resolution plan binding on all the stakeholders after it gets the seal of approval from the Adjudicating Authority... is that after the approval of the resolution plan, no surprise claims should be flung on the successful resolution applicant."
Core principles established: The judgment reinforces the principle that an approved resolution plan is binding on all stakeholders and extinguishes all claims not included in the plan.
Final determinations on each issue: The Resolution Plan was approved, binding all stakeholders, and the reliefs and waivers sought were granted as per the IBC's provisions.

The judgment concludes with the approval of the Resolution Plan, emphasizing its compliance with the IBC and its binding nature on all stakeholders. The court's decision ensures the revival of the Corporate Debtor while providing a fresh start for the Resolution Applicant.

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