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Issues:
1. Validity of the Commissioner's order directing withdrawal of investment allowance. 2. Whether the assessee qualifies as an industrial undertaking for claiming investment allowance under section 32A. Detailed Analysis: 1. The appeals were filed against the Commissioner's order under section 263 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, directing the Income Tax Officer (ITO) to withdraw the investment allowance allowed for the assessment years 1979-80 and 1980-81. The Commissioner found the ITO's orders allowing the investment allowance to be erroneous and prejudicial to the revenue's interests. The assessee objected to this proposed action, arguing that the construction work undertaken qualifies as an industrial undertaking, making them eligible for the investment allowance. 2. The primary contention was whether the assessee's construction activities constituted an industrial undertaking as required under section 32A for claiming investment allowance. The assessee argued that their construction business satisfied the conditions prescribed under section 32A and cited relevant case laws to support their claim. The departmental representative, however, contended that the construction work undertaken did not result in the production of any end-product, thus disqualifying the assessee from claiming the investment allowance. 3. Section 32A(2)(b)(iii) was crucial in determining the eligibility for investment allowance. The provision states that any new machinery or plant installed after March 31, 1976, in an industrial undertaking for the purpose of construction, manufacture, or production of any article or thing not specified in the Eleventh Schedule qualifies for the investment allowance. The Tribunal analyzed the nature of the assessee's construction work, including the fabrication of materials, steel structures, and concrete-lining, to ascertain if it constituted an industrial undertaking under section 32A. 4. The Tribunal referred to previous judgments, such as Abcoy v. Second ITO and CIT v. N.C. Budharaja & Co., to support the interpretation of 'construction' as a wide concept encompassing activities beyond traditional manufacturing. The case law highlighted instances where construction activities, such as building dams or converting boulders into small stones, were considered industrial undertakings eligible for investment benefits. The Tribunal applied these precedents to the present case to establish the assessee's eligibility for investment allowance. 5. Ultimately, the Tribunal concluded that the assessee's construction of tunnels, exit channels, and water conductor systems qualified as the construction of a 'thing' under section 32A(2)(b)(iii), making them an industrial undertaking eligible for investment allowance. The Tribunal held that the Commissioner erred in directing the withdrawal of the investment allowance, as the assessee met the conditions under section 32A. Consequently, the appeals were allowed in favor of the assessee, upholding their entitlement to the investment allowance. 6. The Tribunal's decision rested on the interpretation of 'industrial undertaking' in the context of construction activities and the eligibility criteria outlined in section 32A of the Income-tax Act. By analyzing relevant case laws and statutory provisions, the Tribunal established the assessee's right to claim the investment allowance based on the nature of their construction work, ultimately overturning the Commissioner's order to withdraw the allowance.
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