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Issues:
Application of sec. 13(1)(b) for withdrawing benefits under sec. 11 and 12 of the Income-tax Act. Analysis: The judgment deals with an appeal by an assessee, a society registered under the Societies' Registration Act, regarding the application of sec. 13(1)(b) to withdraw benefits under sec. 11 and 12 of the Income-tax Act for the years 1984-85 and 1985-86. The Income-tax Officer initially held that the assessee was not entitled to the benefits as the provisions of sec. 13(1)(c) were applicable, considering the members as beneficiaries rather than constituting a section of the public. The Deputy Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) affirmed this decision, stating that the society's income directly or indirectly benefited its members, thus not qualifying as a charitable institution. However, the assessee argued that its association was formed for the benefit of all persons engaged in the relevant industry, meeting the criteria of a charitable institution. The judgment extensively discusses the interpretation of "charitable purpose" under sec. 2(15) and references precedents to determine if the society qualifies as an association with objects of general public utility. The judgment delves into the definition of "charitable purpose" under sec. 2(15) and the interpretation of whether the assessee society falls within the scope of an association with objects of general public utility. It references the decision in the case of CIT v. Andhra Chamber of Commerce, highlighting that an association primarily formed for the welfare of a specific community can still be considered charitable if its dominant purpose serves general public utility. The judgment emphasizes that even if some benefits incidentally accrue to members, it does not negate the charitable nature of the association if the primary objective is for public welfare. Applying this reasoning to the present case, the tribunal concludes that the assessee society, formed for the welfare of individuals engaged in a specific industry, qualifies as an association with objects of general public utility, making it eligible for the benefits under sec. 11 and 12 of the Income-tax Act. Furthermore, the judgment addresses the application of sec. 13(1)(c)(ii) by the authorities to deny benefits under sec. 11 and 12 to the assessee. It clarifies that sec. 13 would only be applicable if the income falls within sec. 11 and 12, necessitating the assessee to be an institution for charitable purpose. The tribunal scrutinizes the authorities' conclusion that the activities were conducted solely for the members' benefit, asserting that the mere pledge to serve members does not trigger sec. 13(1)(c)(ii). It highlights that the provision applies when the income or property is used for the benefit of specific individuals, which was not the case with the assessee society. The judgment ultimately reverses the authorities' decision, ruling that the income remained intact and was not utilized for the members' benefit, thus entitling the society to the benefits under sec. 11 and 12. Consequently, the appeals by the assessee are allowed, granting relief in this regard. In conclusion, the judgment extensively analyzes the application of sec. 13(1)(b) and sec. 13(1)(c)(ii) to determine the eligibility of the assessee society for benefits under sec. 11 and 12 of the Income-tax Act. It clarifies the criteria for a charitable institution, emphasizing the importance of serving general public utility and not solely benefiting individual members. The tribunal's decision highlights the distinction between incidental benefits to members and the primary charitable purpose of an association, ultimately ruling in favor of the assessee based on the charitable nature of its objectives and activities.
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