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Penalty under section 271(1)(c) for undervaluation of closing stock. Analysis: The dispute in this case revolves around the penalty under section 271(1)(c) amounting to Rs. 1,44,852 imposed on the assessee for the assessment year 1991-92. The Assessing Officer (AO) had initially made an assessment under section 143(3) and found that the closing stock was undervalued by the assessee. The AO rejected the explanation provided by the assessee regarding the valuation of the closing stock, leading to an addition of Rs. 2,64,570. On appeal, the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) partially allowed relief, reducing the addition to Rs. 2,60,190. The crux of the matter lies in the initiation and validity of the penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c). The assessee contended that the penalty was unjustified as there was no valid initiation for the penalty under this section. The AO had issued a notice for concealment of income regarding a smaller amount, but no specific satisfaction was recorded for the larger addition related to the undervaluation of closing stock. The jurisprudence dictates that the AO must record satisfaction regarding concealment of income before initiating penalty proceedings, as highlighted in various judicial precedents cited during the case. Upon careful consideration, the Tribunal found that the penalty imposed under section 271(1)(c) was not warranted due to the lack of valid initiation and satisfaction recorded by the AO. The Tribunal emphasized that penalty proceedings must be based on fresh consideration of facts and circumstances, independent of the original assessment order. The Tribunal cited Supreme Court and High Court decisions to support the view that penalty cannot be levied solely based on additions made in the assessment order without proper satisfaction recorded by the AO. In conclusion, the Tribunal allowed the appeal of the assessee, canceling the levy of penalty under section 271(1)(c) for the undervaluation of closing stock. The judgment underscores the importance of valid initiation and proper satisfaction by the AO for imposing penalties under section 271(1)(c), ensuring a fair and legally sound process in tax matters.
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