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Issues Involved: Appeal against CIT(A) order for assessment year 1990-91 regarding non-allowance of establishment expenditure, disallowance of telephone and travelling expenses, relief for interest charged u/s 234B and 234C, and overall legality of the assessment.
Establishment Expenditure Disallowance (Rs. 68,118): Assessing Officer disallowed the amount written off under "Establishment expenditure" related to Shri L.N. Datta, claiming lack of evidence for gratuity payment. Assessee argued the amount was adjusted against gratuity due to him, citing long employment history and increasing debit balance. CIT(A) upheld disallowance due to absence of evidence for gratuity payment. Telephone and Travelling Expenses Disallowance: CIT(A) sustained disallowance of Rs. 3,000 for telephone expenses and Rs. 2,500 for travelling expenses, deemed arbitrary. Assessee contended disallowance was unfounded and should be deleted. Interest Relief u/s 234B and 234C: Assessee sought relief for interest charged under these sections, claiming consequential relief due to assessment discrepancies. Legality of Assessment: Assessee challenged the legality of CIT(A) order and assessment, alleging non-compliance with law and factual inaccuracies. The Tribunal analyzed the case, noting the history of the amount advanced to Shri Datta and its subsequent write-off against gratuity claimed by the assessee. The Tribunal rejected the claim that the amount represented gratuity, as no evidence of payment existed. The Tribunal also dismissed the argument for treating the amount as bad debt or business loss, citing precedents where such claims were allowed due to commercial relations, unlike the present case where no commercial purpose was evident. Regarding the claim for business loss, the Tribunal referred to the Supreme Court's judgment in Badridas Daga v. CIT, emphasizing that a loss must directly stem from business activities to be deductible. Applying this principle, the Tribunal concluded that the non-returning of the advance by Shri Datta constituted a business loss, overturning the CIT(A) decision on this ground. The Tribunal's decision highlighted the distinction between losses incidental to business operations and losses unrelated to business activities, ultimately allowing the claim for business loss due to the non-repayment of the advance by Shri Datta.
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