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Issues:
1. Genuineness of the partnership claimed in the case. 2. Validity of partnership deed and partnership commencement date. 3. Examination of partner's involvement and knowledge. 4. Source of capital and control of business. 5. Tax implications and registration benefits of the firm. 6. Role and responsibilities of partners in the business. Analysis: Issue 1: Genuineness of the partnership claimed The appeals revolve around the authenticity of the partnership claimed to have been established through a written deed. The dispute arises from the alleged partner's legitimacy and representation in the partnership. Issue 2: Validity of partnership deed and commencement date The partnership deed was executed on 30th Sept., 1978, with the partnership effective from 1st August., 1978. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) questioned the validity of the partnership due to doubts regarding the partner's status and the commencement date. Issue 3: Examination of partner's involvement and knowledge The partner, Shri Baljit, was questioned regarding his participation and understanding of the partnership. Concerns were raised about his knowledge of the business, capital contributions, and work involvement, leading to suspicions of being a benami for Shri Hansraj. Issue 4: Source of capital and control of business The ITO raised objections regarding the source of capital, control of the business, and alleged tax avoidance motives by showing divested profits to Shri Baljit. The continuation of business control by Shri Hansraj was a significant point of contention. Issue 5: Tax implications and registration benefits The firm's entitlement to registration benefits was disputed based on the ITO's findings. The arguments focused on the partnership's legitimacy, capital requirements, and the distribution of profits between partners. Issue 6: Role and responsibilities of partners The roles and responsibilities of the partners, especially Shri Baljit's involvement and control in the business, were debated. The significance of partner knowledge, business operations, and profit sharing was crucial in determining the partnership's genuineness. The Tribunal ruled in favor of the firm, granting registration benefits based on the valid partnership deed and the partner's expected role. The dominance of one partner and the level of involvement were considered acceptable, emphasizing the partner's agency in the business. The judgment highlighted the partnership's authenticity despite certain discrepancies, concluding that Shri Hansraj should be assessed only on his share from the firm.
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