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Issues Involved:
1. Levy of penalty u/s 271(1)(c) for concealment of particulars of income. Summary: Levy of Penalty u/s 271(1)(c) for Concealment of Particulars of Income: The only issue arising out of this appeal relates to the levy of penalty u/s 271(1)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 for concealment of particulars of income. The assessee, who had not filed returns post-assessment year 1983-84, was subjected to a search action u/s 132 on 23rd January 1992. For the assessment year 1989-90, it was found that the assessee had earned substantial income from the sale of shares, leading to the issuance of a notice u/s 148. The return filed declared an income of Rs. 4,77,100. The assessment was completed on a total income of Rs. 4,98,200, and penalty proceedings u/s 271(1)(c) were initiated. In response to the Show Cause Notice, the assessee explained the failure to file the return due to being engrossed in a challenging project. However, the Assessing Officer rejected this explanation, stating that the search action and subsequent notice forced the assessee to file the return, indicating concealment of income, particularly capital gains. Consequently, a penalty of Rs. 1,50,395 was imposed. The CIT(A) upheld the penalty, distinguishing the case from the Madras High Court decision in S. Santhosa Nadar v. First Addl. ITO [1962] 46 ITR 411, noting changes in section 271 brought by the Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) Act, 1989. The CIT(A) reasoned that non-furnishing of the return would tantamount to concealment of particulars of income. The assessee's counsel contended that the Assessing Officer did not record any satisfaction in the assessment order as required u/s 271(2), and that concealment should be seen with reference to the return filed. The counsel argued that mere failure to file the return does not amount to concealment, and that there was no mala fide intention as advance tax was paid. The Tribunal considered the rival contentions and the scheme of the Act, concluding that concealment of particulars of income must be seen with reference to the return of income. The Tribunal referred to the Supreme Court decision in Brij Mohan v. CIT [1979] 120 ITR 1 and the Madras High Court decision in S. Santhosa Nadar, which held that concealment pertains to the return filed. The Tribunal noted that Explanation 3 to section 271(1)(c), applicable from 1-4-1989, does not apply to existing assessees. The Tribunal held that non-furnishing of the return within the stipulated period u/s 139 does not tantamount to concealment of particulars of income for existing assessees. The income in question was disclosed in the return filed u/s 148, and the assessee was not covered by Explanation 3. Therefore, the penalty u/s 271(1)(c) was cancelled, and the appeal was allowed.
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