2025 (1) TMI 901 - AT - Income Tax

Income deemed to accrue or arise in India - salary earned towards services rendered in Egypt - CIT(A) upheld the addition made by the AO stating that the assessee continued receive salary in India and accordingly the same is taxable as per the provisions of section 5(2) - HELD THAT - As the assessee has received salary in her bank account in India for the services rendered outside India. as relying on Pramod Kumar 2017 (11) TMI 567 - ITAT DELHI and Smt. Sumana Bandyopadhyay Anr 2017 (7) TMI 503 - CALCUTTA HIGH COURT salary received by the assessee for services rendered outside India though received in India is not taxable as per the provisions of section 9(1)(ii) of the Act. The AO is directed to delete the addition made in this regard. Decided in favour of assessee.

1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal questions considered in this judgment are:

Whether the salary received by the appellant for services rendered outside India is taxable in India under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, specifically under sections 5(2) and 9(1)(ii).
Whether the appellant is entitled to a deduction under Chapter VIA of the Income Tax Act.
Whether the appellant is entitled to credit for taxes deducted at source (TDS) while computing the demand payable.
Whether the computation of interest under sections 234B and 234C of the Act was excessive.
Whether the initiation of penalty proceedings under section 270A was justified.

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue 1: Taxability of Salary Received for Services Rendered Outside India

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: The primary legal provisions involved are sections 5(2) and 9(1)(ii) of the Income Tax Act. Section 5(2) deals with the scope of total income for non-residents, while section 9(1)(ii) pertains to income deemed to accrue or arise in India. Precedents include the decisions in Smt. Sumana Bandyopadhyay & Anr vs DCIT and Pramod Kumar Sapra vs ITO.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court interpreted that salary for services rendered outside India, even if received in India, is not taxable under section 9(1)(ii) if the individual is a non-resident. The court emphasized the distinction between the place of earning and the place of receipt.
Key Evidence and Findings: The appellant was on assignment in Egypt and stayed in India for only 108 days during the relevant year, qualifying as a non-resident. The salary was paid into an Indian bank account, but the services were rendered outside India.
Application of Law to Facts: The court applied section 9(1)(ii) to conclude that the salary for services rendered in Egypt is not taxable in India, notwithstanding its receipt in an Indian account.
Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Revenue argued for taxability under section 5(2)(a) due to receipt in India. The court, however, prioritized the location of service rendering over the location of payment receipt.
Conclusions: The court concluded that the salary earned for services rendered outside India is not taxable in India under section 9(1)(ii).

Issue 2: Deduction under Chapter VIA

Relevant Legal Framework: Chapter VIA of the Income Tax Act provides for various deductions from gross total income.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The CIT(A) had allowed the deduction based on additional evidence submitted by the appellant.
Key Evidence and Findings: The appellant provided necessary documentation to substantiate the deduction claims.
Application of Law to Facts: The court upheld the CIT(A)'s decision to allow the deduction under Chapter VIA.
Conclusions: The appellant is entitled to the claimed deductions under Chapter VIA.

Issue 3: Credit for Taxes Deducted at Source (TDS)

Relevant Legal Framework: TDS provisions under the Income Tax Act require credit to be given for taxes deducted at source.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The CIT(A) directed the AO to give credit for TDS as per Form 16.
Conclusions: The appellant is entitled to TDS credit as per the CIT(A)'s directions.

Issue 4: Computation of Interest under Sections 234B and 234C

Relevant Legal Framework: Sections 234B and 234C pertain to interest on defaults in payment of advance tax.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court did not provide detailed reasoning on this issue but implied that the computation should be revisited in light of the main findings.
Conclusions: The AO is directed to recompute interest in accordance with the court's findings.

Issue 5: Initiation of Penalty Proceedings under Section 270A

Relevant Legal Framework: Section 270A deals with penalties for under-reporting and misreporting of income.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court found that the initiation of penalty proceedings was mechanical and lacked adequate satisfaction.
Conclusions: The initiation of penalty proceedings was not justified.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

Preserve Verbatim Quotes of Crucial Legal Reasoning: "The salary received by the assessee for services rendered outside India though received in India is not taxable as per the provisions of section 9(1)(ii) of the Act."
Core Principles Established: The principle that income for services rendered outside India by a non-resident is not taxable in India, even if received in an Indian bank account, was reinforced.
Final Determinations on Each Issue: The court allowed the appeal, directing deletion of the salary addition, granting of TDS credit, and allowing deductions under Chapter VIA. The court also directed a reevaluation of interest computations and found the initiation of penalty proceedings unjustified.

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