2025 (2) TMI 287 - AT - Income Tax

Nature of expenditure - Disallowance of Finance Lease Rental Payments - AO treated it as Capital Expenditure for payment of Finance Lease Rental Payments - CIT(A) deleted addition - assessee s claim of deduction of Finance Lease Rental Payment under section 37(1) - HELD THAT - Considering the decision of the Hon ble Karnataka High Court in lessor s case 2021 (7) TMI 121 - KARNATAKA HIGH COURT the claim of deduction of Finance Lease Rental Payment under section 37(1) of the Act has been allowed to the assessee by the coordinate bench for the year under consideration the present appeal by the Revenue challenging the findings of the learned CIT(A) in allowing depreciation in the hands of the assessee has become infructuous and therefore is dismissed accordingly. Appeal by the Revenue is dismissed.

ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal issue considered in this judgment was whether the learned Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] was justified in deleting the disallowance of Finance Lease Rental Payments, which the Assessing Officer (AO) treated as part of capital expenditure. The specific question was whether such payments should be allowed as revenue expenditure under section 37(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, or treated as capital expenditure, thereby not allowing them as revenue expenditure.

ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Relevant legal framework and precedents

The relevant legal framework involved the interpretation of section 37(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, which allows deductions for any revenue expenditure incurred wholly and exclusively for the purposes of business or profession. The precedents considered included the Supreme Court decision in ICDS v. CIT and the Karnataka High Court's decision regarding the deduction of depreciation by the lessor, Cisco Systems (India) Private Ltd.

Court's interpretation and reasoning

The Tribunal analyzed whether the Finance Lease Rental Payments should be considered revenue or capital expenditure. The Tribunal referred to the coordinate bench's decision in the assessee's own case, which allowed the Finance Lease Rental Payment as an expenditure under section 37(1) of the Act. The Tribunal emphasized that the rules of procedure should serve the cause of substantial justice, and when faced with technicalities versus substantial justice, the latter should prevail.

Key evidence and findings

The assessee had acquired assets through a finance lease and claimed the entire lease rental as an expenditure allowable under section 37(1) of the Act. The AO disallowed this claim, treating the principal payments towards the finance lease as capital expenditure. The learned CIT(A), however, allowed the alternative plea of the assessee for depreciation on such assets.

Application of law to facts

The Tribunal applied the principles laid down by the Supreme Court and the Karnataka High Court to the facts of the case. It noted that the assessee's claim was consistent with the treatment allowed in similar cases, where the lessor was permitted to claim depreciation and interest deductions. The Tribunal found that the same transaction could not be treated differently in the hands of the lessee.

Treatment of competing arguments

The Tribunal considered the arguments presented by both the Departmental Representative and the Authorized Representative. The Departmental Representative argued that the CIT(A) erred in allowing depreciation as the assessee was not the legal owner of the assets. However, the Authorized Representative countered that the coordinate bench had already allowed the main plea of the assessee, treating the Finance Lease Rental Payment as revenue expenditure.

Conclusions

The Tribunal concluded that the claim of the assessee to treat the Finance Lease Rental Payment as revenue expenditure was justified. It emphasized that the decision of the Karnataka High Court in the lessor's case was binding, and thus, the Revenue's appeal became infructuous.

SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

The Tribunal held that the Finance Lease Rental Payment should be allowed as revenue expenditure under section 37(1) of the Act. It relied on the principles established by the Supreme Court and Karnataka High Court, which supported the assessee's position. The Tribunal dismissed the Revenue's appeal, affirming the CIT(A)'s decision to allow the depreciation claim.

Core principles established

The judgment reinforced the principle that when substantial justice is at stake, procedural technicalities should not hinder the resolution of the issue. It also emphasized the importance of consistency in the treatment of similar transactions across different taxpayers.

Final determinations on each issue

The Tribunal determined that the Finance Lease Rental Payment qualified as revenue expenditure under section 37(1) of the Act. It dismissed the Revenue's appeal, upholding the CIT(A)'s decision to allow the depreciation claim for the assessee.

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