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Issues Involved:
1. Disallowance of interest paid to HDFC. 2. Addition of deemed dividend under section 2(22)(e) of the Income-tax Act. Detailed Analysis: 1. Disallowance of Interest Paid to HDFC: The first issue concerns the disallowance of Rs. 71,939 as interest paid to HDFC, which the Assessing Officer (AO) classified as penal interest and thus not allowable as an expenditure. The AO's observation was brief, stating, "Penal interest is not allowable expenditure, and, hence, I disallow Rs. 71,939 out of interest paid and add back the same to total income." Upon appeal, the CIT(A) deleted the disallowance, noting the assessee's argument that the payment was due to "contractual delays" rather than any "infraction of law." The CIT(A) concluded that the additional interest, although termed as penal interest, was a "normal incidence of business." The tribunal reviewed the contentions and material on record and found no reason to disturb the CIT(A)'s decision. The tribunal confirmed and approved the CIT(A)'s action, stating that the disallowance was rightly deleted since the penal interest was due to contractual delays and not an infraction of law. Consequently, the revenue's grievance was deemed devoid of merits, and Ground No. 1 was dismissed. 2. Addition of Deemed Dividend under Section 2(22)(e): The second issue pertains to the addition of Rs. 76,74,436 as deemed dividend under section 2(22)(e) of the Income-tax Act, related to loans received from Phoenix Distributors Pvt. Ltd. (PDPL). The AO noted that a significant shareholder held more than 10% equity in PDPL and more than 20% shares in the assessee company. The AO rejected the assessee's contention that the provisions of section 2(22)(e) were not applicable due to the main business being money lending, citing various reasons including the proportion of interest receipts and the nature of bank transactions. The CIT(A) overturned the AO's decision, emphasizing that the interest income was more than other profits and that a substantial part of the assessee's assets was deployed in money lending. The CIT(A) held that money lending formed a substantial part of PDPL's business, thus excluding the transaction from the ambit of section 2(22)(e). Upon review, the tribunal highlighted the legal provision in section 2(22)(e) and noted that the assessee met the conditions laid down but argued that the case was covered by the second exemption, which requires that money lending be a substantial business activity and the loan be given in the ordinary course of business. The tribunal found that PDPL's loans were primarily to associate companies, which did not constitute an independent business. The tribunal also noted that a single transaction in the year could not be considered substantial business activity. Consequently, the tribunal vacated the relief given by the CIT(A). The tribunal addressed the assessee's argument regarding accumulated profits, noting that the addition made in preceding years was deleted in appellate proceedings. The tribunal remitted the matter to the AO for quantification of the deemed dividend, directing the assessee to provide relevant facts and supporting evidence. Conclusion: The appeal was partly allowed for statistical purposes, with the tribunal confirming the deletion of the disallowance of interest paid to HDFC and remitting the issue of deemed dividend back to the AO for quantification.
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