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Issues Involved:
1. Allegations of offences under sections 276C(1), 276C(2), 276CC, and 277 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. 2. Interpretation of the provisions of section 276C of the Act. 3. Application of section 276C(1) and section 277 in the alleged offences. 4. Discharge and quashing of complaints and criminal proceedings based on the interpretation of the law. Analysis: 1. The judgment involved multiple petitions where partners and a partnership firm sought to quash complaints and criminal proceedings initiated by the Income-tax authority for various offences under the Income-tax Act, primarily related to late filing of returns, non-payment of advance tax, and wilful attempt to evade tax. The petitioners argued that the lapses were technical, and there was no mens rea, as all amounts, interest, and penalties were paid. The Department contended that criminal cases cannot be quashed based on selective prosecution, and mens rea is presumed in prosecutions under the Act. 2. The main controversy revolved around the interpretation of section 276C of the Income-tax Act, specifically focusing on subsections (1) and (2). The petitioners argued that subsection (2) did not apply as they had promptly paid the amounts due, citing precedents to support their position. The court analyzed the differences between the two subsections, highlighting that subsection (1) deals with evasion of tax, penalty, or interest chargeable under the Act, while subsection (2) pertains to the evasion of payment of such amounts. It was held that for cases charged under section 276C(2), where payment evasion was alleged, the complaints needed to be quashed. 3. Regarding offences under section 276C(1) and section 277, which involved late filing of returns and wilful tax evasion, the court emphasized that complaints could not be quashed solely based on the absence of mens rea or selective prosecution. The judgment differentiated between the types of offences alleged and the applicability of the law to each situation, ensuring a thorough analysis of the legal provisions and factual circumstances of each case. 4. The judgment concluded by allowing some criminal miscellaneous applications where only section 276C(2) offences were alleged, leading to the quashing of complaints and proceedings. In cases involving other sections, the complaints were not quashed, and the proceedings were directed to proceed promptly. The decision provided a detailed interpretation of the law, balancing the legal requirements with the specific factual scenarios presented in each petition.
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