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1. Interpretation of income from construction and sale of flats for assessment purposes. Analysis: The High Court of Andhra Pradesh dealt with an income-tax case where the Revenue challenged the treatment of profits by the assessee, a property developer engaged in construction and sale of flats and commercial complexes. The Assessing Officer initially allowed the profit for the assessment year 1986-87 based on the investment made by the assessee in that year. The Commissioner of Income-tax Appeals upheld this decision. However, the Appellate Tribunal, referring to a judgment of the Calcutta High Court, directed the Assessing Officer to compute income based on the possession of flats handed over to buyers, rather than investment. The Revenue appealed this decision, questioning whether income accrued based on possession or investment. The Calcutta High Court judgment in Madgul Udyog's case was pivotal in both the present case and the referenced case. In Madgul Udyog's case, the firm sold flats to buyers without registered conveyance deeds, leading to disputes over ownership and taxation. The Tribunal in that case held that ownership cannot be transferred without a registered instrument, and hence the firm was the owner for tax assessment purposes. The Calcutta High Court ruled against double assessment and clarified that the firm, not the buyers, should be taxed on the income from the flats. The High Court of Andhra Pradesh found the facts in the current case similar to Madgul Udyog's case, where the assessee sold flats without conveyance deeds, and upheld the Tribunal's decision based on the Calcutta High Court's judgment. Ultimately, the High Court dismissed the Revenue's appeal, stating that no legal question arose from the Tribunal's decision, which correctly applied the principles established in the Calcutta High Court's judgment. The case highlighted the importance of ownership transfer through registered instruments for tax assessment purposes and clarified that income from construction and sale of flats should be attributed to the developer until proper conveyance deeds are executed.
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