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Issues Involved:
1. Legality of the Tribunal's cancellation of the levy. 2. Existence of a mistake apparent from the record due to retrospective amendment to section 143(1A). 3. Validity and legal sanction of the intimation dated January 24, 1991. 4. Jurisdiction of the Assessing Officer after issuance of notice under section 143(2). 5. Validity of the intimation under section 143(1)(a) and the rectification order under section 154. Detailed Analysis: Issue 1: Legality of the Tribunal's Cancellation of the Levy The Tribunal ruled that there was no scope for levying additional tax on the amount of loss disallowed unless there was some tax payable or some refund due. It held that the retrospective amendment to section 143(1A) by the Finance Act, 1993, did not create a mistake apparent from the record as the amendment was not in existence when the Assessing Officer rectified the order on March 10, 1993. The Tribunal supported its decision by citing the Calcutta High Court's decision in CIT v. General Electric Co. of India Ltd. [1978] 112 ITR 246. Issue 2: Existence of a Mistake Apparent from the Record The Tribunal found that the rectification proceeding was illegal as there was no valid intimation under section 143(1)(a). It emphasized that the mistake was not apparent from the record because the amended provision was not in existence at the time of the rectification. The Tribunal also noted that once an order was passed under section 143(3), there was no scope for passing an order under section 154(1)(b). Issue 3: Validity and Legal Sanction of the Intimation Dated January 24, 1991 The Tribunal held that the intimation dated January 24, 1991, was not a valid intimation under section 143(1)(a) as it only acknowledged receipt of the return without any tax or interest due. The Tribunal concluded that the acknowledgment could not be rectified under section 154, as it was not an intimation as envisaged under section 143(1)(a). Issue 4: Jurisdiction of the Assessing Officer After Issuance of Notice Under Section 143(2) The Tribunal ruled that once notice under section 143(2) is issued, the regular assessment proceedings commence, and the Assessing Officer is not empowered to continue preliminary proceedings under section 143(1)(a). It held that a validly initiated assessment proceeding under section 143(2) supersedes the provisions of section 143(1)(a). Issue 5: Validity of the Intimation Under Section 143(1)(a) and the Rectification Order Under Section 154 The Tribunal found that there was no valid intimation under section 143(1)(a), and hence, the rectification order under section 154 dated March 10, 1993, was without legal basis. It concluded that the rectification proceeding was illegal as the initial acknowledgment dated October 24, 1991, was not a valid intimation. Court's Final Decision: - Question 1: Affirmed in favor of the assessee. - Question 2: The Tribunal was incorrect in holding that there was no power for rectification since section 143(1)(a) was substituted subsequently. - Question 3(i): Answered in the positive and against the Department. - Question 3(ii): Answered in the positive and against the Department. - Question 4: Not necessary to answer as they do not arise for consideration and are not relevant. - Question 5(i): Answered in the affirmative and against the Department. - Question 5(ii): Answered in the affirmative and against the Department.
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