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Issues:
1. Whether separate assessments should be made for different periods due to a change in the constitution of a firm. 2. Whether the claim for continuation of registration should be allowed for a specific period. Analysis: The case involved a dispute regarding the assessment of an assessee-firm following a change in its constitution. The firm initially consisted of ten partners, but after the death of one partner, a new partnership agreement was formed with additional partners. The firm filed two separate income tax returns for different periods, one before and one after the change in constitution. The Income-tax Officer, however, made a single assessment for both periods and denied registration to the firm. Upon appeal, the Appellate Assistant Commissioner ruled in favor of the assessee, stating that separate assessments should be conducted for each period and the claim for registration continuation should be allowed. This decision was upheld by the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal. The primary issue revolved around the interpretation of Sections 187 and 188 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Section 187 deals with cases where there is a change in the constitution of a firm, requiring assessment based on the new composition. On the other hand, Section 188 applies when a firm is succeeded by another firm, necessitating separate assessments for the predecessor and successor firms. The Supreme Court's ruling in CIT v. Empire Estate clarified that a change in constitution occurs when partners continue the business after the departure of one or more partners, as opposed to dissolution. In this case, as there was no provision in the partnership deed for the firm to continue after a partner's death, it was deemed a succession of one firm by another, falling under Section 188. Therefore, the High Court concurred with the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal's decision, emphasizing that separate assessments were warranted for the distinct periods before and after the change in constitution. Additionally, the continuation of registration was deemed appropriate for the period specified in the declaration filed with the return. Consequently, both questions raised in the reference were answered affirmatively in favor of the assessee and against the Revenue, affirming the Tribunal's decision.
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