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Issues Involved:
1. Taxability of interest income on funds remitted to the UK. 2. Basis of computation of interest income. 3. Jurisdiction of the Tribunal in enhancing the assessment. Issue-Wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Taxability of Interest Income on Funds Remitted to the UK: The first issue pertains to whether the interest on Rs. 1,62,180, representing the difference between the aggregate of the reserve for unexpired risks and the reserve for outstanding claims and the cash in hand and the average bank balances, is chargeable to income tax under the Indian Income Tax Act. The Tribunal found as a fact that the funds were invested in the UK and interest was earned thereon. The Court agreed with the Tribunal that the conclusion was justified based on the materials presented. The Court held that the interest income had accrued directly or indirectly through the business connection in British India and out of the assets of British India, making Section 42(1) applicable. Therefore, the assessee company was liable to be taxed on the interest earned from Indian assets. 2. Basis of Computation of Interest Income: The second issue concerns the proper basis for computing the interest income. The Income Tax Officer had applied Rule 33 of the Income Tax Rules, read with Rule 6 of the schedule for computing profits and gains of insurance business, and arrived at a rate of 4.61%. The Tribunal, however, thought Rule 8 was applicable and directed the Income Tax Officer to compute the income accordingly, which increased the interest item from Rs. 7,615 to Rs. 49,549. The Court found that Rule 8 did not apply to the facts of this case for computing the interest income of the assessee company. The method adopted by the Income Tax Officer was not challenged as improper either by the Commissioner or the assessee. Thus, the Court concluded that the Tribunal was in error in holding that assessment might be made under Rule 8 and in raising the question of the proper method of assessment when it was not raised by either side. 3. Jurisdiction of the Tribunal in Enhancing the Assessment: The third issue is whether the Tribunal exceeded its powers under Section 33(4) by enhancing the assessment. The Court noted that Section 33(4) allows the Tribunal to pass orders on the appeal but does not permit it to raise new grounds that would work adversely to the appellant. The Tribunal's action of applying Rule 8 on its own motion, without it being contested by either party, was deemed beyond its jurisdiction. The Court emphasized that the Tribunal's powers are confined to the grounds raised in the appeal and it cannot enhance the assessment without an appeal by the Commissioner. Therefore, the Tribunal's decision to adopt Rule 8 was incorrect and beyond its powers. Conclusion: The Court concluded that the interest income on Rs. 1,65,180, worked out at the rate of 4.61%, which is reasonably attributable to the operations carried out in British India, is liable to be assessed under the Indian Income Tax Act. The Tribunal's method of assessment under Rule 8 was not applicable, and its jurisdiction to enhance the assessment was beyond its powers. Each party was ordered to bear its own costs.
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