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Assessment of property tax based on annual value method. Analysis: The case involved the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway Company challenging the Bezwada Municipality's method of ascertaining the annual value of their vacant lands for property tax purposes. The municipality calculated the annual value by determining the capital value of the lands and then taking six percent of it as the annual value. The appellants contended that this method was not permissible under the respondents' statutory powers. The main argument focused on whether the respondents were authorized to fix the annual value based on a percentage of the capital value rather than the actual annual value of the lands. The statutory powers of the respondents were derived from the Madras District Municipalities Act, 1920. Section 81 and 82 of the Act were crucial in determining the legality of the assessment method. The appellants argued that Section 81(2) allowed for property tax to be levied at a percentage of the annual value of lands or buildings. However, they contended that the respondents did not follow the provision of Section 81(3), which permitted the assessment at a percentage of the capital value for lands not used exclusively for agricultural purposes. The respondents, on the other hand, maintained that they were not precluded from using a percentage of the capital value to ascertain the annual value, as the proviso in Section 82(2) did not restrict this method to specific cases mentioned in the provision. The appellants' interpretation of the proviso was rejected by the court, emphasizing that a proviso should deal with cases falling within the general language of the main enactment, without excluding what falls within its express terms. The court concluded that the respondents were not prohibited from using a percentage of the capital value as a method to determine the annual value for property tax purposes. The judgment highlighted that the controversy was limited to the mode of ascertaining annual value under Section 82(2). Despite other debatable topics raised during the proceedings, the court focused on the specific issue presented and found that there was compliance with the provisions of the Act. Consequently, the consolidated appeals were dismissed, and the appellants were ordered to pay the respondents' costs.
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