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Issues Involved:
1. Validity of assumption of jurisdiction under section 148 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. 2. Computation of capital gains on the sale of land and building. Detailed Analysis: 1. Validity of Assumption of Jurisdiction under Section 148: The primary issue revolves around whether the Assessing Officer (AO) validly assumed jurisdiction under section 148 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The case background reveals that the assessee, a company, filed its return for the assessment year 1998-99, declaring an income that included capital gains from the sale of land and building. Initially, the AO accepted the assessee's computation of short-term capital gain on the building and long-term capital gain on the land. However, the AO later reopened the assessment under section 148, contending that the entire capital gain should be assessed as short-term capital gain. The assessee challenged this reopening, arguing that it was a mere change of opinion on the same set of facts, which is impermissible under section 147. The tribunal noted that the original assessment order had already scrutinized and accepted the segregation of sale consideration between land and building. The AO's subsequent attempt to reassess the same facts under section 148 was deemed a change of opinion, lacking new information or material. Citing judicial precedents, including the Delhi High Court's decision in Kelvinator of India Ltd., the tribunal concluded that the AO's assumption of jurisdiction under section 148 was flawed and beyond the scope of the law. Consequently, the tribunal quashed the reassessment order. 2. Computation of Capital Gains on the Sale of Land and Building: Despite quashing the reassessment, the tribunal addressed the merits of the revenue's appeal concerning the computation of capital gains. The revenue argued that the sale consideration for land and building, being inseparable, should be treated entirely as short-term capital gain under section 50. The assessee, however, had segregated the sale consideration proportionately and computed short-term capital gain for the building and long-term capital gain for the land. The tribunal upheld the assessee's method, emphasizing that land and building are distinct capital assets under the Income-tax Act. It noted that the assessee's segregation of sale consideration was proportionate and undisputed. The tribunal referred to judicial precedents, including the Rajasthan High Court's decision in Vimal Chand Gulecha, which supported the bifurcation of consolidated sale prices for different capital assets. The tribunal affirmed the CIT (Appeals)'s conclusion that the capital gain computation by the assessee, segregating short-term and long-term gains, was appropriate and in accordance with the law. Conclusion: The tribunal dismissed the revenue's appeal, upholding the assessee's computation of capital gains and quashing the reassessment order due to the invalid assumption of jurisdiction under section 148. The judgment reinforces the principle that reassessment based on a mere change of opinion without new material is impermissible and underscores the legitimacy of segregating sale consideration for distinct capital assets in computing capital gains.
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