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Issues:
1. Interpretation of section 7(2) of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957 regarding valuation of fixed assets. 2. Determining whether written down value or balance-sheet value should be adopted for assessing net value of assets. 3. Consideration of depreciation in valuation of assets for wealth-tax assessment. Analysis: 1. The case involved a reference under section 27(1) of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957, regarding the valuation of fixed assets for determining the net value of the assets of the assessee under section 7(2) of the Act. The Tribunal directed that the written down value of fixed assets should be adopted instead of their balance-sheet value. The court analyzed the legislative intent behind section 7(2) and emphasized that adjustments for depreciation can be made to conform the balance-sheet value to the actual value of assets, especially for fixed and depreciable assets. The court highlighted the flexibility provided by the statute for such adjustments, citing relevant circulars and judicial precedents. 2. The contention of the assessee was that fixed assets should be assessed at their written down value rather than the balance-sheet value for wealth-tax assessment. The court noted that while section 7(2)(a) allows the Wealth-tax Officer to adopt the balance-sheet value as the net value of the business, this valuation is not absolute. The officer has the discretion to make adjustments if the balance-sheet value does not reflect the real value of assets. The court provided examples of situations where adjustments may be necessary, such as appreciation of land values or depreciation of plant and machinery over time. It emphasized that the written down value can be a fair indicator of the real value of assets, especially for old machinery, unless there are exceptional circumstances. 3. The issue of considering depreciation in the valuation of assets for wealth-tax assessment was crucial in this case. The assessee argued that since full depreciation admissible under the Income-tax Act was not provided for in the balance-sheet, it should be deducted from the value of assets to arrive at the net wealth. The Wealth-tax Officer initially rejected this contention, citing the increase in the value of imported machinery. However, the court disagreed with this approach, highlighting the importance of providing for depreciation in balance-sheets to reflect the true state of affairs. The court referred to expert opinions on the necessity of depreciation provisions and supported its decision by citing judgments from other High Courts. In conclusion, the High Court of Calcutta upheld the Tribunal's decision to adopt the written down value of fixed assets for wealth-tax assessment, emphasizing the importance of considering depreciation and making necessary adjustments to balance-sheet values to reflect the true value of assets. The judgment favored the assessee, directing that the question be answered in their favor and awarding costs of the reference to the assessee.
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