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Issues:
1. Whether the salary paid to the general manager represents expenditure laid out for the purpose of business. Analysis: The case involved a dispute over the deduction of salary paid to the general manager, with the assessee claiming Rs. 36,000 as a deduction for the assessment year 1951-52. The Income-tax Officer allowed only Rs. 20,000, while the Appellate Assistant Commissioner permitted the entire amount based on an agreement between the assessee and the manager. However, the Appellate Tribunal reversed the decision, limiting the deduction to Rs. 22,000, citing past precedents. The legal proposition under section 10(2)(xv) of the Income-tax Act allows for deductions, but the taxing authority can determine the reasonableness of the expenditure for business purposes. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner found the manager's services valuable and justified his fixed salary claim due to previous losses, allowing the full deduction. The Tribunal's reliance on past profit-sharing precedents was deemed irrelevant since the manager had opted for a fixed salary. The Court held that the Tribunal's decision lacked rational grounds for disallowing part of the claimed salary, leading to a negative answer to the referred question. The assessee was awarded costs amounting to Rs. 100. 2. Interpretation of legal provisions and application of precedents in determining business expenses. Analysis: The judgment highlighted the application of section 10(2)(xv) of the Income-tax Act concerning deductions for business expenditures. It emphasized that the mere payment of salary does not guarantee full deduction, as the taxing authority can assess the reasonableness of the expenditure. Referring to the Newtone Studios Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income-tax case, the Court reiterated that if remuneration is paid for commercial reasons, it should be allowed as an expenditure exclusively for business purposes. The Court critiqued the Tribunal's reliance on past profit-sharing arrangements, emphasizing that the manager's choice of a fixed salary altered the basis for determining the deductible amount. The judgment underscored the importance of rational grounds for disallowing business expenses and the need to consider individual circumstances rather than past practices. The Court's analysis focused on the legal principles guiding the deduction of business expenses and the significance of factual circumstances in determining the allowable deduction.
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