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Issues:
- Whether the assessee is entitled to claim deduction of the cost of improvement in a reassessment following a revisional order under section 263 of the Income-tax Act, 1961? Analysis: The judgment pertains to a case where the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal referred a question of law to the High Court regarding the entitlement of the assessee to claim deduction of the cost of improvement in a reassessment following a revisional order under section 263 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The deceased first respondent, an assessee to income tax, had not included capital gains from the transfer of shares in the original assessment. The Commissioner of Income-tax, under section 263, directed a fresh assessment. The assessee filed a revised return claiming deduction for improvements in a property sale not previously put forward. The Income-tax Officer rejected the claim, but the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) allowed the deduction. The Appellate Tribunal upheld the decision, stating that the original assessment was nullified by the Commissioner's order under section 263, allowing the assessee to make new claims. The Revenue argued that the deduction should not have been allowed as the original assessment was set aside for a specific purpose. However, the Tribunal found no error in allowing the deduction, as the Commissioner's order nullified the original assessment, giving the assessing authority the power to consider all claims afresh. The judgment delves into the provisions of sections 263 and 264 of the Income-tax Act, which empower the Commissioner to revise orders if prejudicial to the revenue or the assessee, respectively. Section 263 allows the Commissioner to cancel an assessment and direct a fresh assessment if the order is erroneous and prejudicial to revenue. In this case, the Commissioner's order set aside the original assessment, giving the assessing authority the mandate to conduct a fresh assessment. The Revenue contended that the assessing authority should only consider aspects indicated in the Commissioner's order, excluding the deduction claim. However, the Court held that when an assessment is annulled and a fresh assessment is directed, the assessing authority has the discretion to consider all claims, even those not previously raised. As the entire assessment was before the Officer, all relevant aspects, including new claims, should be evaluated during the reassessment process. In conclusion, the High Court answered the referred question in favor of the assessee and against the Revenue. The judgment emphasized that when an assessment is annulled and a fresh assessment is directed, the assessing authority has the authority to consider all relevant claims, even if they were not raised in the original assessment. The Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, stating that the assessee was legitimately entitled to claim the deduction for improvements in the reassessment following the Commissioner's order under section 263.
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