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Interpretation of Section 214 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding interest entitlement on excess tax payment. Analysis: The judgment pertains to a reference under section 256(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, concerning the entitlement of the assessee to interest under section 214 of the Act. The primary question was whether the payment of Rs. 11 lakhs made by the assessee after the financial year had ended could be considered as advance tax paid within the meaning of sections 207 to 213 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The relevant assessment year in this case was 1965-66, and the assessee, a public limited company engaged in manufacturing cement, was required to pay a substantial sum towards advance tax based on a provisional assessment for the previous year. The assessee had initially paid a portion of the advance tax demand in March 1965, and the legality of the remaining demand was challenged through legal proceedings. Following a series of court orders, including a stay order from the Supreme Court, the assessee eventually deposited Rs. 11 lakhs towards the advance tax in November 1965. Subsequently, the total tax liability was computed, revealing an excess deposit by the assessee amounting to Rs. 3.13 lakhs, for which interest under section 214 was claimed. The Income-tax Officer and the Appellate Assistant Commissioner had initially disallowed the claim for interest, but on appeal, the Tribunal ruled in favor of the assessee. The Tribunal held that the amount of Rs. 11 lakhs paid by the assessee in compliance with the Supreme Court's order should be deemed as payment towards advance tax, making the assessee eligible for interest under section 214 from April 1, 1966. The Revenue, aggrieved by this decision, sought a reference to the High Court. In its analysis, the High Court emphasized the clear direction in the Supreme Court's order for the payment of Rs. 11 lakhs towards advance tax, without any conditions attached. The court noted that the Revenue did not treat the assessee as a defaulter for non-payment of this amount within the relevant financial year, indicating the acceptance of the payment as advance tax. The High Court rejected the Revenue's argument that the payment could not be considered as advance tax for interest calculation purposes, stating that the nature of the deposit must remain consistent for all purposes. Consequently, the High Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, ruling in favor of the assessee and confirming the entitlement to interest under section 214, treating the Rs. 11 lakhs as advance tax payment. In conclusion, the High Court answered the reference in favor of the assessee, affirming the Tribunal's decision on the entitlement to interest under section 214 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, based on the payment of Rs. 11 lakhs as advance tax. No costs were awarded in this matter.
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