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Issues:
1. Validity of quashing State Government Notifications. 2. Integration of two units under Mysore State Accounts Services. 3. Discrimination in promotional opportunities. 4. Justification for differences in promotional chances. 5. Constitutional guarantees under Article 14 and 16(1). 6. Consideration of new points in the Supreme Court. 7. Validity of division into two classes for promotional chances. 8. Ultra vires amendments in recruitment rules. 9. Comparison with previous legal judgments. 10. Rational criteria for inequality in promotional opportunities. Analysis: 1. The State of Mysore appealed against the High Court's decision to quash State Government Notifications amending the Mysore State Accounts Services (Recruitment) Rules, 1959, and promotions of certain individuals. The High Court found that the notifications violated Constitutional guarantees and directed the State to consider promotions under the integrated service rules. 2. The High Court concluded that a complete integration was achieved between two units under the Mysore State Accounts Services, leading to identical qualifications, work nature, and recruiting authorities. The Rules of 1959 abolished distinctions based on separate control, creating a single service regulated by uniform rules. 3. The High Court identified discrimination in promotional opportunities, noting a significant disparity in promotional posts between the two units despite integration under the Rules of 1959. It held that the impugned Notifications violated Constitutional guarantees of equality under Articles 14 and 16(1). 4. The State argued that differences in promotional chances were justified due to historical backgrounds and practice. However, the High Court deemed such distinctions unjustifiable and ultra vires, emphasizing that promotions should be based on merit-cum-seniority criteria as per the Rules of 1959. 5. The Supreme Court declined to entertain new points raised by the State for the first time, emphasizing the importance of not allowing new arguments involving factual inquiries at the Supreme Court level. The Court focused on the validity of dividing members of the same service into two classes for promotional chances. 6. The Court upheld the High Court's decision, emphasizing that differences in promotional opportunities must be based on rational criteria related to the object of the distinction. It cited previous legal judgments to support the position that promotions should be justified by merit and seniority, and any unconstitutional discrimination should be struck down. 7. In conclusion, the Supreme Court dismissed the appeals, affirming the High Court's ruling and emphasizing the importance of upholding Constitutional guarantees of equality in promotional opportunities.
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