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Issues:
1. Appeal against the order of an Income-tax Officer appointing a person an agent of a non-resident Company under Section 43 of the Income-tax Act. 2. Prematurity of the appeal due to no assessment of income-tax being made at the stage of appeal. Detailed Analysis: The judgment by the Lahore High Court, delivered by Din Mohammad and Marten JJ., pertains to two cases arising from orders made under Section 43 of the Indian Income-tax Act, declaring the petitioners as agents in British India of certain firms operating in State territory. Appeals against these orders were dismissed by the appellate authorities on grounds of prematurity, as no income-tax assessment had been conducted at that point. Subsequently, applications were made for a case to be stated in Court. In one case, the application was refused, while in the other, the Income-tax Tribunal stated the case for adjudication on the question of whether an appeal lies under Section 30 of the Income-tax Act against the order appointing a person as an agent under Section 43 without any prior assessment of income-tax. The petitioner contended that Section 30 of the Act allows for an appeal by anyone denying liability to be assessed under the Act, emphasizing that an order under Section 43 can only be made after due opportunity for the affected party to be heard. The petitioner relied on a Nagpur High Court judgment to argue that the scope of Section 30 includes appeals against orders appointing an agent under Section 43, even if not directly related to the assessment itself. However, the Court noted the distinction that in the referenced case, an assessment had been conducted before the appeal, unlike the present scenario where no assessment had taken place. The Court opined that allowing an appeal at this premature stage would not be appropriate. The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal's grounds for rejecting the appeal included the inapplicability of Section 30(2) regarding the period of limitation and Section 31 governing the powers of the Appellate Assistant Commissioner to the current appeal situation. The Court concurred with the Tribunal, highlighting that legislative provisions did not foresee an appeal against an order under Section 43 before any assessment was initiated. The Court reasoned that the absence of provisions for such appeals indicated the legislature's intent, as it was not guaranteed that an agent appointed under Section 43 would necessarily undergo assessment. Consequently, the Court answered the reference question in the negative, leading to the dismissal of both petitions with costs. In conclusion, the judgment clarifies the limitations on appealing against orders appointing agents under Section 43 of the Income-tax Act, emphasizing the necessity of an assessment before such appeals can be entertained, in line with the legislative framework and previous judicial interpretations.
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