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Issues Involved:
1. Whether lands and buildings exclusively occupied and used by a society or body for charitable purposes can be subjected to tax or claim relief from municipal taxation. 2. Application of Section 115(4) and Section 115(5) of the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957. 3. Interpretation of "charitable purpose" under the Act. 4. Distinction between public benefit and private gain in the context of municipal taxation. 5. Validity of the writ petition and the competence of the Administrator to bring proceedings. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Whether lands and buildings exclusively occupied and used by a society or body for charitable purposes can be subjected to tax or claim relief from municipal taxation: The main question raised in this petition is whether lands and buildings exclusively occupied and used by a society or body for charitable purposes can be subjected to municipal tax or claim relief from such taxation. The case involves the New Delhi Holy Family Hospital Society, which is a charitable society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. The Society runs a hospital providing medical care without distinction of caste, religion, or race, and its income is solely used for its charitable objects. 2. Application of Section 115(4) and Section 115(5) of the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957: The Deputy Assessor and Collector of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi assessed eight rooms used by the Society for a Private O.P.D. and levied general tax under Section 115(5) of the Act. The Society challenged this decision, claiming exemption under Section 115(4). Section 115(4) exempts lands and buildings used exclusively for public worship or charitable purposes from general tax, provided the society is supported by voluntary contributions and does not distribute profits among its members. Section 115(5) states that lands and buildings used for trade or business or deriving rent are not exempt from tax. 3. Interpretation of "charitable purpose" under the Act: The term "charitable purpose" includes relief of the poor, education, and medical relief. The Society argued that its use of the eight rooms for the Private O.P.D., where patients are charged Rs. 40 per visit, is a means to subsidize the General O.P.D. and general wards, thereby promoting its charitable purpose of medical relief. The court emphasized that the main object of the Society is charitable, and the income from the Private O.P.D. is used to further its charitable activities. 4. Distinction between public benefit and private gain in the context of municipal taxation: The court distinguished between public benefit and private gain. Sub-section (4) is based on public benefit, where the society's activities are altruistic and for the public good. Sub-section (5) deals with private gain, where the income is used for private benefit. The court found that the Society's main object is public benefit, and the income from the Private O.P.D. is applied to charitable purposes, not for private gain. 5. Validity of the writ petition and the competence of the Administrator to bring proceedings: The court addressed the contention that the writ petition was not maintainable under Section 169 of the Act and that the Administrator was not competent to bring proceedings. The court rejected these arguments, stating that the question of discretion, not jurisdiction, was involved, and the Society would have shown authorization if the objection had been raised earlier. Conclusion: The court concluded that the New Delhi Holy Family Hospital Society fulfills all criteria under Section 115(4) for exemption from municipal taxation. The Society's activities are substantially altruistic and for public benefit. The income from the Private O.P.D. is used to subsidize charitable activities, not for private gain. Therefore, the eight rooms used for the Private O.P.D. qualify for exemption from general tax. The writ petition was allowed, the assessment was quashed, and the parties were left to bear their own costs.
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