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Interpretation of profit calculation for contract business excluding material value. Analysis: The High Court was asked to opine on whether the Tribunal was correct in calculating the profit from contract business for the assessment years 1972-73 and 1973-74 by excluding the recoveries for materials supplied by the Government department. The case involved an assessee who was a contractor, and the assessment was done under the proviso to s. 145(1) of the Income Tax Act, as the accounts did not reflect the true state of business affairs. The assessee claimed that the value of materials should be excluded from gross receipts while estimating profits. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) disagreed and estimated net profit at 10% of gross receipts without excluding material value. The Appellate Authority Commission (AAC) ruled in favor of the assessee, stating that as per the contract terms, the value of materials should be deducted from gross receipts to determine net profit. However, the Tribunal overturned AAC's decision, noting the absence of stock register for materials received, making it unclear if the materials were under the control of the department or the contractor. The Tribunal concluded that in the absence of evidence, gross payment should be the basis for profit calculation. The Court considered the different forms of contracts a contractor may undertake, such as overall contracts, works contracts, and lump sum contracts with variations. The judgment highlighted that the treatment of material value in profit calculation varies based on the specific contract type. In an overall contract, the entire value of the contract, including materials, is considered for profit calculation. In a works contract, material value is wholly excluded as the contractor is only responsible for labor. In a lump sum contract, the treatment depends on whether the materials were supplied by the department with ownership retained or sold to the contractor. The Court emphasized that no fixed rule exists; the treatment of material value in turnover and profit calculation depends on the circumstances of each case. The Court noted the absence of stock register and issue register for materials in the present case, leading to uncertainty about the ownership and control of the supplied materials. Due to this lack of evidence, the Tribunal's decision to base profit calculation on gross payment was upheld. The Court ruled against the assessee, emphasizing the importance of factual evidence in determining the treatment of material value in contract business profit calculation.
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