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Issues involved: Interpretation of exemption of profits u/s 15C of the Indian I.T. Act, 1922 for the assessment year 1959-60 based on the establishment of new kilns at different factories.
Judgment Summary: The High Court of BOMBAY considered the case of Associated Cement Companies Ltd. claiming exemption of profits u/s 15C of the Indian I.T. Act, 1922 for new kilns commissioned at various factories. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) initially denied relief, stating the new kilns were improvements/extensions, not new industrial undertakings. The Appellate Authority Commission (AAC) allowed the appeal, leading to an appeal by the department to the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal. The Tribunal analyzed whether the new kilns constituted new units or mere extensions, focusing on increased production capacity. The Tribunal found the capacity increase significant enough to qualify as new units u/s 15C, upholding the AAC's decision. The revenue sought a reference to the High Court, which was eventually granted. The High Court examined data on the new kilns, noting they operated independently and significantly increased production capacity. The Court emphasized that each new kiln was an integrated unit capable of independent production, with new machinery and plant exclusively for the new kilns. Referring to a Supreme Court case, the Court highlighted the requirement for new units to be distinct and independent, not a reconstruction of existing business. Considering the facts presented, the Court concluded that each new kiln constituted a new industrial undertaking u/s 15C, entitling the assessee to relief. The High Court answered the referred question affirmatively in favor of the assessee, stating that each new kiln qualified as a new industrial undertaking u/s 15C. No costs were awarded in this matter.
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