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Issues:
1. Whether there was a mistake apparent from the records in levying interest under section 139(8) and under section 217(1A) and cancelling those levies? Analysis: The case involved a private limited company for the assessment year 1972-73. The company filed an estimate for advance tax payment under section 212(3A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, showing an estimated income of Rs. 2,88,000 and enclosing a cheque for Rs. 1,10,000 on March 10, 1972. The cheque was not cashed by the Income-tax Officer on time, leading to a demand for a fresh cheque, which was sent and encashed on June 27, 1972. The assessment was completed on November 30, 1972, with interest levied under sections 217(1A) and 139(8), which was later reduced on appeal by the assessee. The Income-tax Officer passed an order of rectification under section 154, accepting the assessee's plea regarding interest under section 215 but upholding the interest under sections 217(1A) and 139(8). The Appellate Assistant Commissioner and the Appellate Tribunal also upheld the interest. However, the Tribunal later ruled in favor of the assessee, stating that the assessee had fulfilled the requirements by filing an estimate and opting to pay by cheque, as per a circular by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. The Tribunal held that the failure to encash the cheque was not the assessee's fault, leading to the appeal being allowed. The court analyzed section 217(1A) and emphasized the importance of fulfilling all requirements of the estimate under section 212(3A) to attract penal interest. Despite the non-realization of the cheque proceeds due to the Income-tax Officer's neglect, the court ruled in favor of the assessee, stating that the burden of proving the payment of advance tax by cheque was discharged by the assessee, and they should not be penalized for the officer's default. In conclusion, the court answered the question in the affirmative, favoring the assessee and ruling against the department, with no costs awarded.
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