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Assessment of director's remuneration in the hands of a Hindu undivided family or an individual, validity of reassessment proceedings under section 34(1)(b) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, interpretation of the test laid down by the Supreme Court for determining the nature of remuneration received, application of the test in the present case, and determination of whether the remuneration and bonus constituted the income of the Hindu undivided family or the individual. Analysis: The judgment pertains to the assessment of director's remuneration received by Shri K. K. Shah as the karta of a Hindu undivided family for the assessment years 1955-56 and 1956-57. The remuneration received from Gill and Company (Private) Ltd. was initially accepted as income of the Hindu undivided family but later disputed in reassessment proceedings. The Income-tax Officer contended that the family's assets, specifically shares, qualified the family for directorship, thereby making the remuneration taxable in the hands of the family. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner, however, allowed the appeal based on findings that the directorship did not originate from personal qualifications. The Income-tax Tribunal upheld the assessment under section 34(1)(b) but determined that the remuneration was not linked to personal qualifications, leading to the reversal of the Appellate Assistant Commissioner's decision. The Tribunal referred the case to the High Court under section 66(1) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, seeking clarification on whether the remuneration represented the income of the Hindu undivided family or the individual. The High Court emphasized the test laid down by the Supreme Court, which differentiates between remuneration as a return on family funds invested in a business and remuneration for services rendered by an individual coparcener. The Court directed the Tribunal to provide additional facts to determine the nature of the remuneration, focusing on the connection between the income received and the family's investments, any detriment suffered by the family, and the role of family funds in generating the income. Upon reviewing the supplemental statement of case and relevant facts, the High Court concluded that the remuneration received by K. K. Shah was based on his personal qualifications and experience in the cotton business, rather than being a return on family investments. Therefore, the remuneration, bonus, and sitting fees constituted his individual income, not the income of the Hindu undivided family. The Court determined that all amounts received by K. K. Shah from various companies, including Gill and Company Private Ltd., were to be taxed as his individual income, not that of the family. In a concurring opinion, Justice Vimadalal agreed with the analysis and decision of the Court. The High Court answered the reference question by confirming that the remuneration, bonus, and sitting fees received by K. K. Shah as a director were his individual income, not the income of the Hindu undivided family. The Commissioner was directed to pay the costs of the reference to the assessee. This detailed analysis of the judgment provides a comprehensive overview of the issues involved, the legal arguments presented, and the final decision rendered by the High Court in the case concerning the assessment of director's remuneration.
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