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Issues:
1. Determination of employment status of canteen workers. 2. Interpretation of Section 46 of the Factories Act, 1948. 3. Application of previous judgments on the issue. 4. Examination of contractual terms between establishment and contractor. 5. Evaluation of control and supervision exercised by the establishment over canteen workers. Analysis: 1. The case involved a dispute regarding the employment status of canteen workers in a government undertaking. The workers claimed to be regular employees of the establishment, while the Labour Court and High Court held them to be employees of the contractor. The central issue was whether the workers were employees of the establishment or the contractor. 2. The appellants contended that the establishment was obligated under Section 46 of the Factories Act, 1948, to provide a canteen, making the canteen workers its employees. However, the court noted that mere establishment of a canteen does not automatically make the canteen workers employees of the establishment unless there is direct administrative control over them. 3. The appellants relied on the decision in Parimal Chandra Raha's case, but the court referred to Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Ltd. v. Shramik Sena, clarifying that canteen workers are considered employees of the establishment only for the purpose of the Factories Act unless complete administrative control is proven. 4. The court examined the contractual terms between the establishment and the contractor. The agreement specified the responsibilities of the contractor, including providing infrastructure, raw materials, and complying with labor laws. The contractor had discretion in employing workers and was responsible for their salaries and legal liabilities. 5. The court assessed the control and supervision exercised by the establishment over the canteen workers. It was observed that the establishment did not have a say in the recruitment process, payment of salaries, or day-to-day operations of the canteen. The workers failed to prove that the establishment exercised control over them, leading to the conclusion that they were not employees of the establishment. 6. Ultimately, the court upheld the findings of the Labour Court, dismissing the appeal. The High Court's decision was deemed appropriate, and there was no need to reevaluate the evidence. The case highlighted the importance of factual determinations in employment disputes and the significance of proving administrative control for establishing employment status.
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