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Issues Involved:
1. Penalty under section 271(1)(c) for concealment of income. 2. Penalty under section 273(2)(aa) for furnishing an untrue estimate of advance tax. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Penalty under section 271(1)(c) for concealment of income: The primary issue revolves around the penalty levied under section 271(1)(c) in relation to an addition of Rs. 1,28,100 made by the Assessing Officer (AO) on account of income from undisclosed sources. The AO alleged that the assessee-firm made purchases of 600 tins of groundnut oil outside the books of account. The AO's conclusion was based on purchase bills found during a search operation, which were not recorded in the assessee's books. The AO initiated penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c) and levied a penalty of Rs. 95,000, asserting that the assessee concealed the particulars of its income. The Judicial Member held that the AO erred in making the addition of Rs. 1,28,100 and deleted the addition, thereby canceling the penalty levied under section 271(1)(c). The Judicial Member's decision was based on the lack of evidence to substantiate the AO's claim that the assessee purchased the goods and sold them outside the books of account. The Judicial Member emphasized that the assessee provided evidence of returning the goods, which was supported by entries in the cash book and transport charges records. Conversely, the Accountant Member disagreed, asserting that the assessee made a "wilful attempt" to conceal its income by making purchases outside the books of account. The Accountant Member supported the AO's decision to levy the penalty, arguing that the assessee's explanation was not credible and that the penalty was justified. The Third Member, called upon to resolve the disagreement, sided with the Judicial Member. The Third Member concluded that the AO did not provide sufficient evidence to prove that the assessee concealed its income. The Third Member noted that the AO's reliance on the Inspector's report and the ITO's letter did not conclusively establish that the assessee's explanation was false. Consequently, the Third Member agreed with the deletion of the penalty under section 271(1)(c). 2. Penalty under section 273(2)(aa) for furnishing an untrue estimate of advance tax: The second issue pertains to the penalty of Rs. 2,000 levied under section 273(2)(aa) for the assessee's alleged furnishing of an untrue estimate of advance tax. The AO imposed the penalty on the grounds that the assessee furnished an estimate of advance tax that it knew or had reason to believe was untrue. The Judicial Member held that, based on the facts of the case, the penalty under section 273(2)(aa) was not exigible and canceled the penalty. The Judicial Member directed the Income Tax Officer (ITO) to refund the penalty amount if it had been paid by the assessee. The Accountant Member, however, disagreed, maintaining that the assessee was aware of the purchases made outside the books of account and, therefore, the penalty under section 273(2)(aa) was justified. The Accountant Member argued that the assessee's estimate of advance tax was untrue, warranting the penalty. The Third Member, in line with the Judicial Member, concluded that the penalty under section 273(2)(aa) was not warranted. The Third Member found that the AO did not provide adequate evidence to support the claim that the assessee's estimate of advance tax was knowingly untrue. Consequently, the Third Member agreed with the cancellation of the penalty under section 273(2)(aa). Conclusion: The appeals filed by the assessee were allowed, resulting in the cancellation of penalties under sections 271(1)(c) and 273(2)(aa). The Third Member's opinion, aligning with the Judicial Member, led to the majority view favoring the assessee, thus directing the AO to refund any penalty amounts paid by the assessee during the pendency of the appeals.
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