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Issues:
1. Whether the assessee company qualifies as an industrial undertaking for investment allowance and deduction under the Income-tax Act, 1961. Analysis: The judgment involves a departmental appeal concerning the assessment of an assessee company engaged in large-scale ship repairs and engineering jobs. The primary issue is whether the company qualifies as an industrial undertaking for investment allowance under section 32A and deduction under section 80J of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) rejected the claim, stating that the company was neither manufacturing nor producing any article. However, the Commissioner (Appeals) accepted the claim, relying on relevant case laws. The Tribunal analyzed the provisions of section 32A and section 80J to determine the eligibility criteria for investment allowance and deduction. The Tribunal noted that the company's activities involved fabrication and manufacturing of components for ship repairs, but the key question was whether these activities constituted manufacturing or producing articles for sale. The Tribunal considered various High Court decisions and Tribunal orders cited by both parties to interpret the term 'industrial undertaking' and 'manufacture or produce articles.' The Tribunal emphasized the need to satisfy the conditions specified in section 32A and section 80J for claiming investment allowance and deduction. It highlighted that the company must manufacture or produce articles or things to qualify as an industrial undertaking. The Tribunal examined the nature of the company's operations, which included large-scale ship repairs involving fabrication and manufacturing of components. It deliberated on the distinction between manufacturing for sale and job work, emphasizing that manufacturing implies production for sale. The Tribunal reviewed relevant case laws, such as the Orissa High Court's decision in N.C. Budharaja & Co. and the Bombay High Court's decision in Pressure Piling Co. (India) (P.) Ltd., to understand the interpretation of 'industrial undertaking' and 'manufacture or produce articles.' Based on the analysis of case laws and the company's activities, the Tribunal concluded that the company did not qualify as an industrial undertaking for investment allowance or deduction under section 32A and section 80J. The Tribunal compared the facts of the case with previous judgments, such as N.U.C. (P.) Ltd., where the activities involved construction and repair of buildings but did not amount to manufacturing or producing articles for sale. Therefore, the Tribunal set aside the Commissioner (Appeals)'s order and upheld the ITO's decision, denying the company's claim for investment allowance and deduction.
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