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Computation of deduction under section 80HHC based on 40% of composite income vs. entire income. Analysis: The appeal before the Appellate Tribunal ITAT CALCUTTA-E involved the computation of deduction under section 80HHC by an assessee engaged in tea cultivation and sales. The primary issue revolved around whether the deduction should be based on 40% of the composite income or the entire income. The Income-tax Officer initially computed the deduction at Rs. 3,94,377 based on 40% of the composite income. The assessee contended that the deduction should be calculated with reference to the entire income, not just the business income. However, the CIT(A) upheld the Income-tax Officer's computation, stating that allowing the deduction based on the entire income would include agricultural income, which is statutorily treated separately. The assessee further appealed, arguing that the deduction should be based on the entire composite income to boost foreign exchange earnings, citing relevant case law. In the subsequent appeal, the Appellate Tribunal considered the legislative framework regarding taxes on agricultural income and other income. Referring to constitutional provisions and Supreme Court decisions, the Tribunal highlighted that agricultural income, as defined under the Income-tax Act, includes specific apportionment rules. The Tribunal emphasized that 60% of the composite income in the tea industry is treated as agricultural income and exempt from Central income tax. Therefore, the deduction under section 80HHC cannot be granted based on the entire income, as it would include exempt agricultural income. The Tribunal rejected the assessee's argument that the deduction should be computed with reference to the entire income, emphasizing the legal framework's specific treatment of agricultural income. The Tribunal addressed the assessee's contention that general principles dictate considering the entire income for deduction purposes, contrary to the specific apportionment rules for agricultural income. However, the Tribunal reiterated the Supreme Court's rulings that the apportionment rules are integral to defining agricultural income under the Income-tax Act. The Tribunal emphasized that rule 8 of the Income-tax Rules must be viewed as part of the definition of agricultural income, precluding the inclusion of exempt agricultural income in deduction calculations. Referring to a previous case, the Tribunal clarified that the deduction under section 80HHC cannot be computed based on the portion of income treated as agricultural income. Ultimately, the Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, rejecting the assessee's contentions and affirming the correctness of the deduction amount calculated by the Income-tax Officer. The appeal was dismissed, concluding the legal proceedings regarding the computation of deduction under section 80HHC based on specific apportionment rules for agricultural income in the tea industry.
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