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Issues:
1. Interpretation of section 10(10AA) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding exemption of cash equivalent of leave salary. 2. Validity of the Commissioner of Income-tax's order under section 263 to withdraw exemption granted earlier. Detailed Analysis: 1. The case involved the interpretation of section 10(10AA) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 concerning the exemption of cash equivalent of leave salary. The assessee claimed exemption under this section for the cash equivalent of leave salary received upon retirement. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) restricted the exemption to 82 days' earned leave based on the Explanation (i) to section 10(10AA), which limits the entitlement to earned leave to 30 days for every year of actual service. The Commissioner of Income-tax later concluded that the assessee was not entitled to any exemption under section 10(10AA) as the earned leave entitlement exceeded 30 days per year of service. The dispute centered on the correct application of the Explanation (i) to determine the extent of exemption allowed under the section. 2. The Tribunal considered the legislative intent behind section 10(10AA) and the subsequent amendments introduced to provide relief to retiring employees. The section was amended to exempt cash equivalent of unutilized earned leave received at the time of retirement from income tax. The Tribunal highlighted the distinction between government and non-government employees under section 10(10AA), emphasizing the specific provisions for non-government employees regarding the calculation of cash equivalent of leave salary. The Tribunal analyzed the purpose of Explanation (i) to ensure uniform treatment for government and non-government employees in the context of leave encashment schemes prevalent in different sectors. 3. The Tribunal interpreted Explanation (i) as a mechanism to standardize the leave entitlement for non-government employees to 30 days, irrespective of the actual entitlement provided by their employer's scheme. It clarified that the Explanation aimed to align diverse leave encashment schemes with the Central Government's scheme, ensuring consistency in treatment across sectors. The Tribunal concluded that the Commissioner of Income-tax's interpretation of Explanation (i) was incorrect and held that the assessee was entitled to the exemption granted by the ITO. Consequently, the Tribunal set aside the Commissioner's order under section 263 and reinstated the ITO's decision on the issue. 4. In the final judgment, the Tribunal allowed the assessee's appeal, affirming the entitlement to exemption under section 10(10AA) for the cash equivalent of leave salary received upon retirement. The decision emphasized the legislative intent behind the section and the need for consistent treatment of leave encashment benefits for employees across different sectors. The Tribunal's ruling provided clarity on the application of Explanation (i) and upheld the assessee's right to the exemption granted by the ITO, thereby resolving the dispute in favor of the assessee.
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